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As we all know, hallucinations prevail in Large Language Models (LLMs), where the generated content is coherent but factually incorrect, which inflicts a heavy blow on the widespread application of LLMs. Previous studies have shown that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xinping Zhao , Jindi Yu , Zhenyu Liu , Jifang Wang , Dongfang Li , Yibin Chen , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense capabilities in understanding textual data and are increasingly being adopted to help researchers accelerate scientific discovery through knowledge extraction (information retrieval),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Robinson Umeike , Neil Getty , Fangfang Xia , Rick Stevens

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) combine visual and textual data for tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. Proper uncertainty calibration is crucial, yet challenging, for reliable use in areas like healthcare…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zijun Chen , Wenbo Hu , Guande He , Zhijie Deng , Zheng Zhang , Richang Hong

Real-world visualization tasks involve complex, multi-modal requirements that extend beyond simple text-to-chart generation, requiring reference images, code examples, and iterative refinement. Current systems exhibit fundamental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jinwei Lu , Yuanfeng Song , Chen Zhang , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong

The detection of sophisticated hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) is hampered by a ``Detection Dilemma'': methods probing internal states (Internal State Probing) excel at identifying factual inconsistencies but fail on logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yusheng Song , Lirong Qiu , Xi Zhang , Zhihao Tang

Large language models (LLMs) show promise in medical diagnosis, but real-world deployment remains challenging due to high-stakes clinical decisions and imperfect reasoning reliability. As a result, careful inspection of model behavior is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yurui Xiang , Xingyi Mao , Rui Sheng , Zixin Chen , Zelin Zang , Yuyang Wu , Haipeng Zeng , Huamin Qu , Yushi Sun , Yanna Lin

Despite significant strides in multimodal tasks, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are plagued by the critical issue of hallucination. The reliable detection of such hallucinations in MLLMs has, therefore, become a vital aspect of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiang Chen , Chenxi Wang , Yida Xue , Ningyu Zhang , Xiaoyan Yang , Qiang Li , Yue Shen , Lei Liang , Jinjie Gu , Huajun Chen

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) carry the potential to support humans in processing vast amounts of information. While MLLMs are already being used as a fact-checking tool, their abilities and limitations in this regard are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Jiahui Geng , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Preslav Nakov , Iryna Gurevych

A recent advancement in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) research is the emergence of "reasoning MLLMs" that offer explicit control over their internal thinking processes (normally referred as the "thinking mode") alongside the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Jindong Hong , Tianjie Chen , Lingjie Luo , Chuanyang Zheng , Ting Xu , Haibao Yu , Jianing Qiu , Qianzhong Chen , Suning Huang , Yan Xu , Yong Gui , Yijun He , Jiankai Sun

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable reasoning abilities with reinforcement learning paradigm. Although several multimodal reasoning models have been explored in the medical domain, most of them…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Ruiqi Wu , Yuang Yao , Tengfei Ma , Chenran Zhang , Na Su , Tao Zhou , Geng Chen , Wen Fan , Yi Zhou

Autonomous agents utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in isolated medical tasks like diagnosis and image analysis, but struggle with integrated clinical workflows that connect diagnostic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hongjie Zheng , Zesheng Shi , Ping Yi

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) built on Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit high variance in their reasoning trajectories. Process verification, which evaluates intermediate steps in trajectories, has shown promise in general reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vishal Venkataramani , Haizhou Shi , Zixuan Ke , Austin Xu , Xiaoxiao He , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz , Hao Wang , Shafiq Joty

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) suffer from pronounced hallucinations in remote sensing visual question-answering (RS-VQA), primarily caused by visual grounding failures in large-scale scenes or misinterpretation of fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yi Liu , Jing Zhang , Di Wang , Xiaoyu Tian , Haonan Guo , Bo Du

The development of Reasoning Large Language Models (RLLMs) has significantly improved multi-step reasoning capabilities, but it has also made hallucination problems more frequent and harder to eliminate. While existing approaches mitigate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Haolang Lu , Yilian Liu , Jingxin Xu , Guoshun Nan , Yuanlong Yu , Zhican Chen , Kun Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong potential for radiology report generation, yet their clinical translation is hindered by architectural heterogeneity and the prevalence of factual hallucinations. Standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Kun Zhao , Siyuan Dai , Pan Wang , Jifeng Song , Hui Ji , Chenghua Lin , Liang Zhan , Haoteng Tang

Despite their impressive capabilities, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are prone to hallucinations, i.e., the generated content that is nonsensical or unfaithful to input sources. Unlike in LLMs, hallucinations in MLLMs often stem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xin Zou , Yizhou Wang , Yibo Yan , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Kening Zheng , Sirui Huang , Junkai Chen , Peijie Jiang , Jia Liu , Chang Tang , Xuming Hu

Amodal completion, the task of inferring invisible object parts, faces significant challenges in maintaining semantic consistency and structural integrity. Prior progressive approaches are inherently limited by inference instability and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Hongxing Fan , Shuyu Zhao , Jiayang Ao , Lu Sheng

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show promising performance in automated electrocardiogram interpretation, it remains unclear whether they genuinely perform actual step-by-step reasoning or just rely on superficial visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jungwoo Oh , Hyunseung Chung , Junhee Lee , Min-Gyu Kim , Hangyul Yoon , Ki Seong Lee , Youngchae Lee , Muhan Yeo , Edward Choi

Recently, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in multi-modal context comprehension. However, they still suffer from hallucination problems referring to generating inconsistent outputs with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Xiaoye Qu , Jiashuo Sun , Wei Wei , Yu Cheng

Artificial intelligence is increasingly catalyzing scientific automation, with multimodal large language model (MLLM) agents evolving from lab assistants into self-driving lab operators. This transition imposes stringent safety requirements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Qianpu Sun , Xiaowei Chi , Yuhan Rui , Ying Li , Kuangzhi Ge , Jiajun Li , Sirui Han , Shanghang Zhang