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This paper introduces The Spheres dataset, multitrack orchestral recordings designed to advance machine learning research in music source separation and related MIR tasks within the classical music domain. The dataset is composed of over…

Causal inference methods based on conditional independence construct Markov equivalent graphs, and cannot be applied to bivariate cases. The approaches based on independence of cause and mechanism state, on the contrary, that causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Nataliya Sokolovska , Pierre-Henri Wuillemin

Repetition is a basic indicator of musical structure. This study introduces new algorithms for identifying musical phrases based on repetition. Phrases combine to form sections yielding a two-level hierarchical structure. Automatically…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Shuqi Dai , Huan Zhang , Roger B. Dannenberg

In recent years, thanks to advances in automatic music transcription (AMT), several large-scale datasets of automatically transcribed piano solo music have been released. While these datasets undoubtedly offer extensive material for…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Patricia Hu , Silvan Peter , Gerhard Widmer

Music contains hierarchical structures beyond beats and measures. While hierarchical structure annotations are helpful for music information retrieval and computer musicology, such annotations are scarce in current digital music databases.…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Junyan Jiang , Daniel Chin , Yixiao Zhang , Gus Xia

Deep generative models for symbolic music are typically designed to model temporal dependencies in music so as to predict the next musical event given previous events. In many cases, such models are expected to learn abstract concepts such…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Benjamin Genchel , Ashis Pati , Alexander Lerch

In the realm of music AI, arranging rich and structured multi-track accompaniments from a simple lead sheet presents significant challenges. Such challenges include maintaining track cohesion, ensuring long-term coherence, and optimizing…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jingwei Zhao , Gus Xia , Ziyu Wang , Ye Wang

Complex sequencing rules observed in birdsongs provide an opportunity to investigate the neural mechanism for generating complex sequential behaviors. To relate the findings from studying birdsongs to other sequential behaviors, it is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-20 Kentaro Katahira , Kenta Suzuki , Kazuo Okanoya , Masato Okada

Based on a review of anecdotal beliefs, we explored patterns of track-sequencing within professional music albums. We found that songs with high levels of valence, energy and loudness are more likely to be positioned at the beginning of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Pedro Neto , Martin Hartmann , Geoff Luck , Petri Toiviainen

Motifs often recur in musical works in altered forms, preserving aspects of their identity while undergoing local variation. This paper investigates how such motivic transformations occur within their musical context in symbolic music. To…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ron Taieb , Yoel Greenberg , Barak Sober

In this work we present an algorithm for composing monophonic melodies similar in style to those of a given, phrase annotated, sample of melodies. For implementation, a hybrid approach incorporating parametric Markov models of higher order…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-30 Rouven Bauer

We analyzed a large selection of classical musical pieces composed by Bach, Beethoven, Mozart, Schubert and Tchaikovsky, and found a surprising connection with mathematics. For each composer, we extracted the time intervals each note was…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-11-15 Azar Khosravani , Constantin Rasinariu

We test a segmentation algorithm, based on the calculation of the Jensen-Shannon divergence between probability distributions, to two symbolic sequences of literary and musical origin. The first sequence represents the successive appearance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-07-09 Damian H. Zanette

Audio-based music structure analysis (MSA) is an essential task in Music Information Retrieval that remains challenging due to the complexity and variability of musical form. Recent advances highlight the potential of fine-tuning…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Yixiao Zhang , Haonan Chen , Ju-Chiang Wang , Jitong Chen

The Number Pieces are a corpus of works by composer John Cage, which rely on a particular time-structure used for determining the temporal location of sounds, named the "time-bracket". The time-bracket system is an inherently stochastic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-11-25 Alexandre Popoff

Existing effect measures for compositional features are inadequate for many modern applications, for example, in microbiome research, since they display traits such as high-dimensionality and sparsity that can be poorly modelled with…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-02 Anton Rask Lundborg , Niklas Pfister

State-space models are commonly used to describe different forms of ecological data. We consider the case of count data with observation errors. For such data the system process is typically multi-dimensional consisting of coupled Markov…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-15 Axel Finke , Ruth King , Alexandros Beskos , Petros Dellaportas

The abstraction of musical structures (notes, melodies, chords, harmonic or rhythmic progressions, etc.) as mathematical objects in a geometrical space is one of the great accomplishments of contemporary music theory. Building on this…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Marco Buongiorno Nardelli

Understanding complete musical scores entails integrated reasoning over pitch, rhythm, harmony, and large-scale structure, yet the ability of Large Language Models and Vision--Language Models to interpret full musical notation remains…

The mood of a song is a highly relevant feature for exploration and recommendation in large collections of music. These collections tend to require automatic methods for predicting such moods. In this work, we show that listening-based…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-24 Filip Korzeniowski , Oriol Nieto , Matthew McCallum , Minz Won , Sergio Oramas , Erik Schmidt