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Large vision language models (VLMs) increasingly claim reasoning skills, yet current benchmarks evaluate them in single-turn or question answering settings. However, grounding is an interactive process in which people gradually develop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Saki Imai , Mert İnan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

Vision-language models (VLMs) are emerging as powerful generalist tools for remote sensing, capable of integrating information across diverse tasks and enabling flexible, instruction-based interactions via a chat interface. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Aysim Toker , Andreea-Maria Oncescu , Roy Miles , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled impressive multi-modal reasoning and understanding. Yet, whether these models truly grasp visual persuasion-how visual cues shape human attitudes and decisions-remains unclear.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Gyuwon Park

Fine-grained multimodal capability in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has emerged as a critical research direction, particularly for tackling the visual grounding (VG) problem. Despite the strong performance achieved by existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Weitai Kang , Weiming Zhuang , Zhizhong Li , Yan Yan , Lingjuan Lyu

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLMs) leverages Large Language Models as a cognitive framework for diverse visual-language tasks. Recent efforts have been made to equip MLLMs with visual perceiving and grounding capabilities. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junwen He , Yifan Wang , Lijun Wang , Huchuan Lu , Jun-Yan He , Jin-Peng Lan , Bin Luo , Xuansong Xie

Multimodal reference resolution, including phrase grounding, aims to understand the semantic relations between mentions and real-world objects. Phrase grounding between images and their captions is a well-established task. In contrast, for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shun Inadumi , Nobuhiro Ueda , Koichiro Yoshino

Visual grounding focuses on detecting objects from images based on language expressions. Recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have significantly advanced visual grounding performance by training large models with large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yangxiao Lu , Ruosen Li , Liqiang Jing , Jikai Wang , Xinya Du , Yunhui Guo , Nicholas Ruozzi , Yu Xiang

When a multimodal Transformer answers a visual question, is the prediction driven by visual evidence, linguistic reasoning, or genuinely fused cross-modal computation -- and how does this structure evolve across layers? We address this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Hongxuan Wu , Yukun Zhang , Xueqing Zhou

Medical vision-language models (VLMs) show strong performance on radiology tasks but often produce fluent yet weakly grounded conclusions due to over-reliance on a dominant modality. We introduce a context-aligned reasoning framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Sumra Khan , Sagar Chhabriya , Aizan Zafar , Sheeraz Arif , Amgad Muneer , Anas Zafar , Shaina Raza , Rizwan Qureshi

How does visual information included in training affect language processing in audio- and text-based deep learning models? We explore how such visual grounding affects model-internal representations of words, and find substantially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Adrian Sauter , Willem Zuidema , Marianne de Heer Kloots

Graphical user interface (GUI) grounding is a fundamental task for building GUI agents. However, general vision-language models (VLMs) struggle with this task due to a lack of specific optimization. We identify a key gap in this paper:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Weiming Li , Yan Shao , Jing Yang , Yujing Lu , Ling Zhong , Yuhan Wang , Manni Duan

Significant progress has been made on visual captioning, largely relying on pre-trained features and later fixed object detectors that serve as rich inputs to auto-regressive models. A key limitation of such methods, however, is that the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Chia-Wen Kuo , Zsolt Kira

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) face a tug-of-war between powerful linguistic priors and visual evidence, often leading to \emph{semantic drift}: a progressive detachment from the input image that can abruptly emerge at specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiahe Chen , Jiaying He , Qiyuan Chen , Qian Shao , Jiahe Ying , Hongxia Xu , Jintai Chen , Jianwei Zheng , Jian Wu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) integrate image encoders with Large Language Models (LLMs) to process multi-modal inputs and perform complex visual tasks. However, they often generate hallucinations by describing non-existent objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yaqi Sun , Kyohei Atarashi , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima

Visual grounding is a task that aims to locate a target object according to a natural language expression. As a multi-modal task, feature interaction between textual and visual inputs is vital. However, previous solutions mainly handle each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Chonghan Chen , Qi Jiang , Chih-Hao Wang , Noel Chen , Haohan Wang , Xiang Li , Bhiksha Raj

To understand a prompt, Vision-Language models (VLMs) must perceive the image, comprehend the text, and build associations within and across both modalities. For instance, given an 'image of a red toy car', the model should associate this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Darshana Saravanan , Makarand Tapaswi , Vineet Gandhi

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance on semantic tasks, their spatial intelligence--crucial for robust and grounded AI systems--remains underdeveloped. Existing benchmarks fall short of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mingrui Wu , Zhaozhi Wang , Fangjinhua Wang , Jiaolong Yang , Marc Pollefeys , Tong Zhang

Recent advancements in 3D Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities for 3D scene understanding. However, previous methods exhibit deficiencies in general referencing and grounding capabilities for intricate scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Haifeng Huang , Yilun Chen , Zehan Wang , Rongjie Huang , Runsen Xu , Tai Wang , Luping Liu , Xize Cheng , Yang Zhao , Jiangmiao Pang , Zhou Zhao

Edge-based representations are fundamental cues for visual understanding, a principle rooted in early vision research and still central today. We extend this principle to vision-language alignment, showing that isolating and aligning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zanxi Ruan , Songqun Gao , Qiuyu Kong , Yiming Wang , Marco Cristani

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown powerful capabilities in visual question answering and reasoning tasks by combining visual representations with the abstract skill set large language models (LLMs) learn during pretraining. Vision,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Riley Tavassoli , Mani Amani , Reza Akhavian