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Multi-vehicle routing problem with soft time windows (MVRPSTW) is an indispensable constituent in urban logistics distribution systems. Over the past decade, numerous methods for MVRPSTW have been proposed, but most are based on heuristic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Ke Zhang , Meng Li , Zhengchao Zhang , Xi Lin , Fang He

This study introduces a novel approach to autonomous motion planning, informing an analytical algorithm with a reinforcement learning (RL) agent within a Frenet coordinate system. The combination directly addresses the challenges of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Rainer Trauth , Alexander Hobmeier , Johannes Betz

Generating realistic simulations is critical for autonomous system applications such as self-driving and human-robot interactions. However, driving simulators nowadays still have difficulty in generating controllable, diverse, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yue Meng , Chuchu fan

End-to-end autonomous driving is typically built upon imitation learning (IL), yet its performance is constrained by the quality of human demonstrations. To overcome this limitation, recent methods incorporate reinforcement learning (RL)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhexi Lian , Haoran Wang , Xuerun Yan , Weimeng Lin , Xianhong Zhang , Yongyu Chen , Jia Hu

Investors and regulators can greatly benefit from a realistic market simulator that enables them to anticipate the consequences of their decisions in real markets. However, traditional rule-based market simulators often fall short in…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-01 Zhiyuan Yao , Zheng Li , Matthew Thomas , Ionut Florescu

Simulation agents are essential for designing and testing systems that interact with humans, such as autonomous vehicles (AVs). These agents serve various purposes, from benchmarking AV performance to stress-testing system limits, but all…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Daphne Cornelisse , Aarav Pandya , Kevin Joseph , Joseph Suárez , Eugene Vinitsky

Reinforcement learning algorithms require a large amount of samples; this often limits their real-world applications on even simple tasks. Such a challenge is more outstanding in multi-agent tasks, as each step of operation is more costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Yali Du , Chengdong Ma , Yuchen Liu , Runji Lin , Hao Dong , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) benefits Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning. Inspired by this, we explore integrating spatio-temporal specific rewards into Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to address the unique…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Xinhao Li , Ziang Yan , Desen Meng , Lu Dong , Xiangyu Zeng , Yinan He , Yali Wang , Yu Qiao , Yi Wang , Limin Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently been used for solving challenging decision-making problems in the context of automated driving. However, one of the main drawbacks of the presented RL-based policies is the lack of safety guarantees,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Danial Kamran , Yu Ren , Martin Lauer

Parallel thinking has emerged as a novel approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by exploring multiple reasoning paths concurrently. However, activating such capabilities through training remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Tong Zheng , Hongming Zhang , Wenhao Yu , Xiaoyang Wang , Runpeng Dai , Rui Liu , Huiwen Bao , Chengsong Huang , Heng Huang , Dong Yu

This paper proposes a novel approach by integrating sensor fusion with deep reinforcement learning, specifically the Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) algorithm, to develop an optimal control policy for self-driving cars. Our system employs a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-29 Amin Jalal Aghdasian , Amirhossein Heydarian Ardakani , Kianoush Aqabakee , Farzaneh Abdollahi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is increasingly used in autonomous driving (AD) and shows clear advantages. However, most RL-based AD methods overlook policy structure design. An RL policy that only outputs short-timescale vehicle control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Guizhe Jin , Zhuoren Li , Bo Leng , Ran Yu , Lu Xiong , Chen Sun

Benchmark datasets are crucial for evaluating approaches to scheduling or dispatching in the semiconductor industry during the development and deployment phases. However, commonly used benchmark datasets like the Minifab or SMT2020 lack the…

Traffic congestion is a major challenge in modern urban settings. The industry-wide development of autonomous and automated vehicles (AVs) motivates the question of how can AVs contribute to congestion reduction. Past research has shown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Jiaxun Cui , William Macke , Harel Yedidsion , Daniel Urieli , Peter Stone

Large language models (LLMs) can face factual limitations when responding to time-sensitive queries about recent events that arise after their knowledge thresholds in the training corpus. Existing search-augmented approaches fall into two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wentao Shi , Yiqing Shen

Simulating realistic behaviors of traffic agents is pivotal for efficiently validating the safety of autonomous driving systems. Existing data-driven simulators primarily use an encoder-decoder architecture to encode the historical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zikang Zhou , Haibo Hu , Xinhong Chen , Jianping Wang , Nan Guan , Kui Wu , Yung-Hui Li , Yu-Kai Huang , Chun Jason Xue

Traffic signal control is an emerging application scenario for reinforcement learning. Besides being as an important problem that affects people's daily life in commuting, traffic signal control poses its unique challenges for reinforcement…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Huichu Zhang , Siyuan Feng , Chang Liu , Yaoyao Ding , Yichen Zhu , Zihan Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu , Haiming Jin , Zhenhui Li

Safety-critical traffic scenarios are integral to the development and validation of autonomous driving systems. These scenarios provide crucial insights into vehicle responses under high-risk conditions rarely encountered in real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Jinxiong Lu , Shoaib Azam , Gokhan Alcan , Ville Kyrki

Reward-based fine-tuning steers a pretrained diffusion or flow-based generative model toward higher-reward samples while remaining close to the pretrained model. Although existing methods are derived from different perspectives, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jeongjae Lee , Jinho Chang , Jeongsol Kim , Jong Chul Ye

As autonomous agents become adept at understanding and interacting with graphical user interface (GUI) environments, a new era of automated task execution is emerging. Recent studies have demonstrated that Reinforcement Learning (RL) can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Songqin Nong , Xiaoxuan Tang , Jingxuan Xu , Sheng Zhou , Jianfeng Chen , Tao Jiang , Wenhao Xu