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The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most representative NP-hard problems in route planning and a long-standing benchmark in combinatorial optimization. Traditional heuristic tour constructors, such as Farthest or Nearest…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wei Huang , Hanchen Wang , Dong Wen , Wenjie Zhang

This paper aims to develop a learning method for a special class of traveling salesman problems (TSP), namely, the pickup-and-delivery TSP (PDTSP), which finds the shortest tour along a sequence of one-to-one pickup-and-delivery nodes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bowen Fang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di

This paper proposes an algorithmic method to heuristically solve the famous Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) when the salesman's path evolves in continuous state space and discrete time but with otherwise arbitrary (nonlinear) dynamics.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Alexander Weber , Alexander Knoll

Large vision language models (VLMs) combine large language models with vision encoders, demonstrating promise across various tasks. However, they often underperform in task-specific applications due to domain gaps between pre-training and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yang Bai , Yang Zhou , Jun Zhou , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Daniel Shu Wei Ting , Yong Liu

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is the most popular and most studied combinatorial problem, starting with von Neumann in 1951. It has driven the discovery of several optimization techniques such as cutting planes, branch-and-bound,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Xavier Bresson , Thomas Laurent

This paper considers a Min-Max Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (MTSP), where the goal is to find a set of tours, one for each agent, to collectively visit all the cities while minimizing the length of the longest tour. Though MTSP has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yifan Guo , Zhongqiang Ren , Chen Wang

This paper introduces a new learning-based approach for approximately solving the Travelling Salesman Problem on 2D Euclidean graphs. We use deep Graph Convolutional Networks to build efficient TSP graph representations and output tours in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Chaitanya K. Joshi , Thomas Laurent , Xavier Bresson

The moving target traveling salesman problem with obstacles (MT-TSP-O) is a generalization of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) where, as its name suggests, the targets are moving. A solution to the MT-TSP-O is a trajectory that visits…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Anoop Bhat , Geordan Gutow , Bhaskar Vundurthy , Zhongqiang Ren , Sivakumar Rathinam , Howie Choset

The Clustered Traveling Salesman Problem (CTSP) is a variant of the popular Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) arising from a number of real-life applications. In this work, we explore a transformation approach that solves the CTSP by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Yongliang Lu , Jin-Kao Hao , Qinghua Wu

In this paper, we present a polynomial-sized linear programming formulation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The proposed linear program is a network flow-based model. Numerical implementation issues and results are discussed. (The…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Moustapha Diaby

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem with broad real-world applications. Recent advancements in neural network-based TSP solvers have shown promising results. Nonetheless, these models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yubin Xiao , Di Wang , Rui Cao , Xuan Wu , Boyang Li , You Zhou

We propose a training-free, Vision-Language Model (VLM)-guided approach for efficiently generating trajectories to facilitate target inspection planning based on text descriptions. Unlike existing Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xingpeng Sun , Zherong Pan , Xifeng Gao , Kui Wu , Aniket Bera

The Traveling Salesman Problem (often called TSP) is a classic algorithmic problem in the field of computer science and operations research. It is an NP-Hard problem focused on optimization. TSP has several applications even in its purest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Amey Gohil , Manan Tayal , Tezan Sahu , Vyankatesh Sawalpurkar

Recent systems applying Machine Learning (ML) to solve the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) exhibit issues when they try to scale up to real case scenarios with several hundred vertices. The use of Candidate Lists (CLs) has been brought up…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Umberto Junior Mele , Luca Maria Gambardella , Roberto Montemanni

We present novel path-slicing strategies integrated with quantum local search to optimize solutions for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), addressing the limitations of current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technologies. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-19 Chen-Yu Liu , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Wei-hao Huang , Yu Yamashiro

Combinatorial optimization is the field devoted to the study and practice of algorithms that solve NP-hard problems. As Machine Learning (ML) and deep learning have popularized, several research groups have started to use ML to solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Antoine François , Quentin Cappart , Louis-Martin Rousseau

We propose UTSP, an unsupervised learning (UL) framework for solving the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). We train a Graph Neural Network (GNN) using a surrogate loss. The GNN outputs a heat map representing the probability for each edge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Yimeng Min , Yiwei Bai , Carla P. Gomes

End-to-end training of neural network solvers for graph combinatorial optimization problems such as the Travelling Salesperson Problem (TSP) have seen a surge of interest recently, but remain intractable and inefficient beyond graphs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Chaitanya K. Joshi , Quentin Cappart , Louis-Martin Rousseau , Thomas Laurent

Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic NP-hard problem that has garnered significant attention from both academia and industry. While neural-based methods have shown promise for solving TSPs, they still face challenges in scaling to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Tongkai Lu , Shuai Ma , Chongyang Tao

We address a fundamental challenge in space mission design and space logistics: planning interplanetary trajectories for missions that must rendezvous with multiple bodies. Such mission occur, for instance, in active debris removal,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Max Bannach , Giacomo Acciarini , Dario Izzo