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This paper introduces BAKUP, a smart contract insurance design for decentralized finance users to mitigate risks arising from platform vulnerabilities. While providing automated claim payout, BAKUP utilizes a modular structure to harmonize…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Srisht Fateh Singh , Panagiotis Michalopoulos , Andreas Veneris

Permissioned blockchains promise secure decentralized data management in business-to-business use-cases. In contrast to Bitcoin and similar public blockchains which rely on Proof-of-Work for consensus and are deployed on thousands of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Lucas Kuhring , Zsolt István , Alessandro Sorniotti , Marko Vukolić

Although the decentralized storage technology based on the blockchain can effectively realize secure data storage on cloud services. However, there are still some problems in the existing schemes, such as low storage capacity and low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Zijian Zhou , Caimei Wang , Xiaoheng Deng , Jianhao Lu , Qilue Wen , Chen Zhang , Hong Li

Random numbers play a vital role in many decentralized applications (dApps), such as gaming and decentralized finance (DeFi) applications. Existing random number provision mechanisms can be roughly divided into two categories, on-chain, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Ranjith Chodavarapu , Rabimba Karanjai , Xinxin Fan , Weidong Shi , Lei Xu

Many aspects of blockchain-based decentralized finance can be understood as an extension of classical distributed computing. In this paper, we trace the evolution of two interrelated notions: failure and fault-tolerance. In classical…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Daniel Engel , Maurice Herlihy , Yingjie Xue

Distributed ledger technologies, also known as blockchains for enterprises, promise to significantly reduce the high cost of automating multi-party business workflows. We argue that a programming language for writing such on-ledger logic…

In most websites, the online rating system provides the ratings of products and services to users. Lack of trust in data integrity and its manipulation has hindered fulfilling user satisfaction. Since existing online rating systems deal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Monir Shaker , Fereidoon Shams Aliee , Reza Fotohi

Large commercial buildings are complex cyber-physical systems containing expensive and critical equipment that ensure the safety and comfort of their numerous occupants. Yet occupant and visitor access to spaces and equipment within these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Leepakshi Bindra , Kalvin Eng , Omid Ardakanian , Eleni Stroulia

UTXO-based smart contract platforms face an efficiency bottleneck, in that any transaction sent to a contract must specify the entire updated contract state. This requirement becomes particularly burdensome when the contract state contains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Massimo Bartoletti , Riccardo Marchesin , Roberto Zunino

Technological advancements of Blockchain and other Distributed Ledger Techniques (DLTs) promise to provide significant advantages to applications seeking transparency, redundancy, and accountability. Actual adoption of these emerging…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Nivedita Dey , Mrityunjay Ghosh , Amlan Chakrabarti

In recent years, the healthcare sector's transition to digital platforms has intensified concerns over data security, privacy, and scalability. Blockchain technology offers a decentralized, secure, and immutable solution to these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Reza Javan , Mehrzad Mohammadi , Mohammad Beheshti-Atashgah , Mohammad Reza Aref

Agreement plays a central role in distributed systems working on a common task. The increasing size of modern distributed systems makes them more susceptible to single component failures. Fault-tolerant distributed agreement protocols rely…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Marius Poke , Colin W. Glass

Financial options are fundamental to traditional markets, enabling strategies ranging from hedging to speculating. Yet, while the Automated Market Maker paradigm has revolutionized decentralized spot markets, no equivalent standard has…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-20 Maxim Bichuch , Zachary Feinstein

Ethereum is an open-source, public, blockchain-based distributed computing platform and operating system featuring smart contract functionality. In this paper, we proposed an Ethereum based eletronic voting (e-voting) protocol, Ques-Chain,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Qixuan Zhang , Bowen Xu , Haotian Jing , Zeyu Zheng

We put forward the idea that classical blockchains and smart contracts are potentially useful primitives not only for classical cryptography, but for quantum cryptography as well. Abstractly, a smart contract is a functionality that allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-04 Andrea Coladangelo

Blockchains provide environments where parties can interact transparently and securely peer-to-peer without needing a trusted third party. Parties can trust the integrity and correctness of transactions and the verifiable execution of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Simon Tschirner , Shashank Shekher Tripathi , Mathias Roeper , Markus M. Becker , Volker Skwarek

Ethereum has been a cornerstone of the decentralized ecosystem, with rollup-based scaling solutions like Arbitrum and Optimism significantly expanding its capabilities. These rollups enhance scalability and foster innovation, but their…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yue Li , Han Liu

The rise of fast communication media both at the core and at the edge has resulted in unprecedented numbers of sophisticated and intelligent wireless IoT devices. Tactile Internet has enabled the interaction between humans and machines…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Ismaeel Al Ridhawi , Moayad Aloqaily , Yaser Jararweh

As the Ethereum platform continues to mature and gain widespread usage, it is crucial to maintain high standards of smart contract writing practices. While bad practices in smart contracts may not directly lead to security issues, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xiaoqi Li , Zongwei Li , Wenkai Li , Yuqing Zhang , Xin Wang

We put forward the idea that classical blockchains and smart contracts are potentially useful primitives not only for classical cryptography, but for quantum cryptography as well. Abstractly, a smart contract is a functionality that allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 Andrea Coladangelo , Or Sattath