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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising solution to mitigate the limitations of large language models (LLMs), such as hallucinations and outdated information. However, it remains unclear how LLMs handle knowledge…

Wikipedia serves as a globally accessible knowledge source with content in over 300 languages. Despite covering the same topics, the different versions of Wikipedia are written and updated independently. This leads to factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Silvia Cappa , Lingxiao Kong , Pille-Riin Peet , Fanfu Wei , Yuchen Zhou , Jan-Christoph Kalo

Wikipedia is the largest online encyclopedia, used by algorithms and web users as a central hub of reliable information on the web. The quality and reliability of Wikipedia content is maintained by a community of volunteer editors. Machine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-02 KayYen Wong , Miriam Redi , Diego Saez-Trumper

Wikipedia is the largest web repository of free knowledge. Volunteer editors devote time and effort to creating and expanding articles in more than 300 language editions. As content quality varies from article to article, editors also spend…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Paramita Das , Isaac Johnson , Diego Saez-Trumper , Pablo Aragón

The spread of misinformation across digital platforms can pose significant societal risks. Claim verification, a.k.a. fact-checking, systems can help identify potential misinformation. However, their efficacy is limited by the knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Md Badsha Biswas , Ozlem Uzuner

Wikipedia is the world's largest online encyclopedia, but maintaining article quality through collaboration is challenging. Wikipedia designed a quality scale, but with such a manual assessment process, many articles remain unassessed. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Pedro Miguel Moás , Carla Teixeira Lopes

While Wikipedia has been utilized for fact-checking and claim verification to debunk misinformation and disinformation, it is essential to either improve article quality and rule out noisy articles. Self-contradiction is one of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Cheng Hsu , Cheng-Te Li , Diego Saez-Trumper , Yi-Zhan Hsu

With the growth of fake news and disinformation, the NLP community has been working to assist humans in fact-checking. However, most academic research has focused on model accuracy without paying attention to resource efficiency, which is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Mykola Trokhymovych , Diego Saez-Trumper

The vast amount of online information today poses challenges for non-English speakers, as much of it is concentrated in high-resource languages such as English and French. Wikipedia reflects this imbalance, with content in low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Siddharth Khincha , Tushar Kataria , Ankita Anand , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in question answering and reasoning thanks to their extensive parametric memory. However, their knowledge is inherently limited by the scope of their pre-training data, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Atahan Özer , Çağatay Yıldız

With over 60M articles, Wikipedia has become the largest platform for open and freely accessible knowledge. While it has more than 15B monthly visits, its content is believed to be inaccessible to many readers due to the lack of readability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Mykola Trokhymovych , Indira Sen , Martin Gerlach

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on broad corpora and then used in communities with specialized norms. Is providing LLMs with community rules enough for models to follow these norms? We evaluate LLMs' capacity to detect (Task 1) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Joshua Ashkinaze , Ruijia Guan , Laura Kurek , Eytan Adar , Ceren Budak , Eric Gilbert

Wikipedia is the largest existing knowledge repository that is growing on a genuine crowdsourcing support. While the English Wikipedia is the most extensive and the most researched one with over five million articles, comparatively little…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Kristina Ban , Matjaz Perc , Zoran Levnajic

Despite significant advances in large language models (LLMs), their knowledge memorization capabilities remain underexplored, due to the lack of standardized and high-quality test ground. In this paper, we introduce a novel, real-world and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuwei Zhang , Wenhao Yu , Shangbin Feng , Yifan Zhu , Letian Peng , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Jingbo Shang

Understanding sources of a model's uncertainty regarding its predictions is crucial for effective human-AI collaboration. Prior work proposes using numerical uncertainty or hedges ("I'm not sure, but ..."), which do not explain uncertainty…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jingyi Sun , Greta Warren , Irina Shklovski , Isabelle Augenstein

Wikipedia can easily be justified as a behemoth, considering the sheer volume of content that is added or removed every minute to its several projects. This creates an immense scope, in the field of natural language processing towards…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Soumya Sarkar , Bhanu Prakash Reddy , Sandipan Sikdar , Animesh Mukherjee

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for accessing information on the web. Their truthfulness and factuality are thus of great interest. To help users make the right decisions about the information they get, LLMs should not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Chenglei Si , Navita Goyal , Sherry Tongshuang Wu , Chen Zhao , Shi Feng , Hal Daumé , Jordan Boyd-Graber

Over the last few years, verifying the credibility of information sources has become a fundamental need to combat disinformation. Here, we present a language-agnostic model designed to assess the reliability of web domains as sources in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Jacopo D'Ignazi , Andreas Kaltenbrunner , Yelena Mejova , Michele Tizzani , Kyriaki Kalimeri , Mariano Beiró , Pablo Aragón

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming a common way for humans to seek knowledge, yet their coverage and reliability vary widely. Especially for local language varieties, there are large asymmetries, e.g., information in local Wikipedia…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Renhao Pei , Siyao Peng , Verena Blaschke , Robert Litschko , Barbara Plank

The rapid spread of misinformation, driven by digital media and AI-generated content, has made automatic claim verification essential. Traditional methods, which depend on expert-annotated evidence, are labor-intensive and not scalable.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yingming Zheng , Xiaoliang Liu , Peng Wu , Li Pan
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