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Foundation segmentation models such as SAM and SAM-2 perform well on natural images but struggle with brain MRIs where structures like the caudate and thalamus lack sharp boundaries and have low contrast. Rather than fine tune these models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-26 Keith Moore

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has gained popularity as a versatile image segmentation method, thanks to its strong generalization capabilities across various domains. However, when applied to optic disc (OD) and optic cup (OC)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jinchen Yu , Yongwei Nie , Fei Qi , Wenxiong Liao , Hongmin Cai

Image registration is a fundamental task in medical image analysis. Deformations are often closely related to the morphological characteristics of tissues, making accurate feature extraction crucial. Recent weakly supervised methods improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yue He , Min Liu , Qinghao Liu , Jiazheng Wang , Yaonan Wang , Hang Zhang , Xiang Chen

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning, where accurate boundary delineation is essential for precise lesion localization, organ identification, and quantitative assessment. In recent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Peiting Tian , Xi Chen , Haixia Bi , Fan Li

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a powerful vision foundation model that is revolutionizing the traditional paradigm of segmentation. Despite this, a reliance on prompting each frame and large computational cost limit its usage in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Zijian Wu , Adam Schmidt , Peter Kazanzides , Septimiu E. Salcudean

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) marks a notable milestone in segmentation models, highlighted by its robust zero-shot capabilities and ability to handle diverse prompts. SAM follows a pipeline that separates interactive segmentation into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 You Huang , Zongyu Lan , Liujuan Cao , Xianming Lin , Shengchuan Zhang , Guannan Jiang , Rongrong Ji

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has emerged as a powerful tool for numerous vision applications. A key component that drives the impressive performance for zero-shot transfer and high versatility is a super large Transformer model trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Yunyang Xiong , Bala Varadarajan , Lemeng Wu , Xiaoyu Xiang , Fanyi Xiao , Chenchen Zhu , Xiaoliang Dai , Dilin Wang , Fei Sun , Forrest Iandola , Raghuraman Krishnamoorthi , Vikas Chandra

We present a new unsupervised learning algorithm, "FAIM", for 3D medical image registration. With a different architecture than the popular "U-net", the network takes a pair of full image volumes and predicts the displacement fields needed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Dongyang Kuang , Tanya Schmah

Recently, foundational models such as CLIP and SAM have shown promising performance for the task of Zero-Shot Anomaly Segmentation (ZSAS). However, either CLIP-based or SAM-based ZSAS methods still suffer from non-negligible key drawbacks:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Shengze Li , Jianjian Cao , Peng Ye , Yuhan Ding , Chongjun Tu , Tao Chen

Automatic segmentation of medical images is crucial in modern clinical workflows. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has emerged as a versatile tool for image segmentation without specific domain training, but it requires human prompts and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Yunxiang Li , Bowen Jing , Zihan Li , Jing Wang , You Zhang

Medical image segmentation is an important analysis task in clinical practice and research. Deep learning has massively advanced the field, but current approaches are mostly based on models trained for a specific task. Training such models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Anwai Archit , Luca Freckmann , Constantin Pape

Recently, Segment Anything Model (SAM) shows exceptional performance in generating high-quality object masks and achieving zero-shot image segmentation. However, as a versatile vision model, SAM is primarily trained with large-scale natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Tianyu Yan , Zifu Wan , Xinhao Deng , Pingping Zhang , Yang Liu , Huchuan Lu

The Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) is both a widely used metric and loss function for biomedical image segmentation due to its robustness to class imbalance. However, it is well known that the DSC loss is poorly calibrated, resulting in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Michael Yeung , Leonardo Rundo , Yang Nan , Evis Sala , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Guang Yang

Collective intelligence from multiple medical experts consistently surpasses individual expertise in clinical diagnosis, particularly for ambiguous medical image segmentation tasks involving unclear tissue boundaries or pathological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Mingzhou Jiang , Jiaying Zhou , Junde Wu , Tianyang Wang , Yueming Jin , Min Xu

With the popularity of foundational models, parameter efficient fine tuning has become the defacto approach to leverage pretrained models to perform downstream tasks. Taking inspiration from recent advances in large language models, Visual…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-08 Aadya Arora , Vinay Namboodiri

Medical imaging is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, with medical image segmentation as a subtask receiving high attention. However, automatic medical image segmentation models are typically task-specific and struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Ruochen Gao , Donghang Lyu , Marius Staring

Accurate segmentation of polyps and skin lesions is essential for diagnosing colorectal and skin cancers. While various segmentation methods for polyps and skin lesions using fully supervised deep learning techniques have been developed,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Encheng Su , Hu Cao , Alois Knoll

The Segment Anything Model (SAM), originally designed for general-purpose segmentation tasks, has been used recently for polyp segmentation. Nonetheless, fine-tuning SAM with data from new imaging centers or clinics poses significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Md Mostafijur Rahman , Mustafa Munir , Debesh Jha , Ulas Bagci , Radu Marculescu

Training segmentation models for medical images continues to be challenging due to the limited availability of data annotations. Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundation model that is intended to segment user-defined objects of interest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Maciej A. Mazurowski , Haoyu Dong , Hanxue Gu , Jichen Yang , Nicholas Konz , Yixin Zhang

Segment Anything Model (SAM) is an advanced foundational model for image segmentation, which is gradually being applied to remote sensing images (RSIs). Due to the domain gap between RSIs and natural images, traditional methods typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Nanqing Liu , Xun Xu , Yongyi Su , Haojie Zhang , Heng-Chao Li