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Large language model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in addressing complex tasks, thereby enabling more advanced information retrieval and supporting deeper, more sophisticated human information-seeking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yuyang Zhao , Wentao Shi , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Web agents, which couple language models with browsing and tool-use capabilities, show promise as open web assistants. Yet progress is increasingly limited by the lack of scalable, process-level supervision. Existing benchmarks are largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tenghao Huang , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Prafulla Kumar Choubey , Yilun Zhou , Muhao Chen , Jonathan May , Chien-Sheng Wu

Code generation models based on large language models (LLMs) have gained wide adoption, but challenges remain in ensuring safety, accuracy, and controllability, especially for complex tasks. Existing methods often lack dynamic integration…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aofan Liu , Haoxuan Li , Bin Wang , Ao Yang , Hui Li

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed a paradigm shift in programming, giving rise to "vibe coding", where users can build complete projects and even control computers using natural language instructions. This paradigm…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Fanheng Kong , Jingyuan Zhang , Yang Yue , Chenxi Sun , Yang Tian , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yu Tian , Jun Du , Wenchong Zeng , Han Li , Kun Gai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly integral to enhancing developer productivity, particularly in code generation, comprehension, and repair tasks. However, fine-tuning these models with high-quality, real-world data is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xiaoyun Liang , Jingyi Ren , Jiayi Qi , Chao Peng , Bo Jiang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable potential as human-like autonomous language agents to interact with real-world environments, especially for graphical user interface (GUI) automation. However, those GUI agents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Xinbei Ma , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

Access to justice remains a global challenge, with many citizens still finding it difficult to seek help from the justice system when facing legal issues. Although the internet provides abundant legal information and services, navigating…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jinzhe Tan , Karim Benyekhlef

Creating end-to-end bioinformatics workflows requires diverse domain expertise, which poses challenges for both junior and senior researchers as it demands a deep understanding of both genomics concepts and computational techniques. While…

Software process models are essential to facilitate collaboration and communication among software teams to solve complex development tasks. Inspired by these software engineering practices, we present FlowGen - a code generation framework…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Feng Lin , Dong Jae Kim , Tse-Husn , Chen

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents show amazing abilities in assisting human-computer interaction, automating human user's navigation on digital devices. An ideal GUI agent is expected to achieve high accuracy, low latency, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Zhiyuan Huang , Ziming Cheng , Junting Pan , Zhaohui Hou , Mingjie Zhan

With the widespread adoption of Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents for automating GUI interaction tasks, substantial research focused on improving GUI perception to ground task instructions into concrete action steps. However, the step…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xuan Wang , Siyuan Su , Quantong Fu , Yongxiang Hu , Yangfan Zhou

Usability testing is a fundamental yet challenging (e.g., inflexible to iterate the study design flaws and hard to recruit study participants) research method for user experience (UX) researchers to evaluate a web design. Recent advances in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yuxuan Lu , Bingsheng Yao , Hansu Gu , Jing Huang , Jessie Wang , Yang Li , Jiri Gesi , Qi He , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Dakuo Wang

Current paradigms for training GUI agents are fundamentally limited by a reliance on either unsafe, non-reproducible live web interactions or costly, scarce human-crafted data and environments. We argue this focus on data volume overlooks a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sicheng Fan , Qingyun Shi , Shengze Xu , Shengbo Cai , Tieyong Zeng , Li Ling , Yanyi Shang , Dehan Kong

We introduce RegionFocus, a visual test-time scaling approach for Vision Language Model Agents. Understanding webpages is challenging due to the visual complexity of GUI images and the large number of interface elements, making accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tiange Luo , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Justin Johnson , Honglak Lee

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been used as agents to control keyboard and mouse inputs by directly perceiving the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and generating corresponding commands. However, current agents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Dongping Chen , Yue Huang , Siyuan Wu , Jingyu Tang , Liuyi Chen , Yilin Bai , Zhigang He , Chenlong Wang , Huichi Zhou , Yiqiang Li , Tianshuo Zhou , Yue Yu , Chujie Gao , Qihui Zhang , Yi Gui , Zhen Li , Yao Wan , Pan Zhou , Jianfeng Gao , Lichao Sun

With the rapid development of web technology, more and more software applications have become web-based in the past decades. To ensure software quality and user experience, various techniques have been proposed to automatically test web…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Siyi Wang , Sinan Wang , Yujia Fan , Xiaolei Li , Yepang Liu

Recently, LLM agents have made rapid progress in improving their programming capabilities. However, existing benchmarks lack the ability to automatically evaluate from users' perspective, and also lack the explainability of the results of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Kaiyuan Liu , Youcheng Pan , Yang Xiang , Daojing He , Jing Li , Yexing Du , Tianrun Gao

Recent text-to-image (T2I) models have made remarkable progress in generating visually realistic and semantically coherent images. However, they still suffer from randomness and inconsistency with the given prompts, particularly when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Kaishen Wang , Ruibo Chen , Tong Zheng , Heng Huang

Large vision-language model (LVLM)-based web agents are emerging as powerful tools for automating complex online tasks. However, when deployed in real-world environments, they face serious security risks, motivating the design of security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zonghao Ying , Yangguang Shao , Jianle Gan , Gan Xu , Wenxin Zhang , Quanchen Zou , Junzheng Shi , Zhenfei Yin , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

The advancement of Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents has enabled automated task processing through reasoning and tool invocation capabilities. However, existing frameworks often operate under the idealized assumption that tool…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Zhipeng Chen , Zhongrui Zhang , Chao Zhang , Yifan Xu , Lan Yang , Jun Liu , Ke Li , Yi-Zhe Song
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