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This paper continues to study the connection between reverse mathematics and Weihrauch reducibility. In particular, we study the problems formed from Maltsev's theorem on the order types of countable ordered groups. Solomon showed that the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-06-12 Ang Li

This paper investigates second-order representations in the sense of Kawamura and Cook for spaces of integrable functions that regularly show up in analysis. It builds upon prior work about the space of continuous functions on the unit…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Florian Steinberg

We show that if a set $A$ is computable from every superlow 1-random set, then $A$ is strongly jump-traceable. This theorem shows that the computably enumerable (c.e.) strongly jump-traceable sets are exactly the c.e.\ sets computable from…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-10-03 Noam Greenberg , Denis Hirschfeldt , Andre Nies

We solve the covering problem for Demuth randomness, showing that a computably enumerable set is computable from a Demuth random set if and only if it is strongly jump-traceable. We show that on the other hand, the class of sets which form…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-09-29 Noam Greenberg , Daniel Turetsky

We establish diverse relationships between the algorithmic (Kolmogorov) complexity of the prefixes of any binary expansion and $\beta$-expansions. These relationships allow to develop intuitions on the complexity behavior of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Valentin Abadie , Helmut Boelcskei

Although there is a somewhat standard formalization of computability on countable sets given by Turing machines, the same cannot be said about uncountable sets. Among the approaches to define computability in these sets, order-theoretic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Pedro Hack , Daniel A. Braun , Sebastian Gottwald

We characterize the variation functions of computable Lipschitz functions. We show that a real z is computably random if and only if every computable Lipschitz function is differentiable at z. Beyond these principal results, we show that a…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Cameron Freer , Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen , André Nies , Frank Stephan

In this paper, we extend the work of (Abbondati et al., 2024) on decoding simultaneous rational number codes by addressing two important scenarios: multiplicities and the presence of bad primes (divisors of denominators). First, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Matteo Abbondati , Eleonora Guerrini , Romain Lebreton

Data vectors generalise finite multisets: they are finitely supported functions into a commutative monoid. We study the question if a given data vector can be expressed as a finite sum of others, only assuming that 1) the domain is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Piotr Hofman , Jérôme Leroux , Patrick Totzke

Compression is at the heart of intelligence. A theoretically optimal way to compress any sequence of data is to find the shortest program that outputs that sequence and then halts. However, such 'Kolmogorov compression' is uncomputable, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Ori Yoran , Kunhao Zheng , Fabian Gloeckle , Jonas Gehring , Gabriel Synnaeve , Taco Cohen

Kolmogorov suggested to measure quality of a statistical hypothesis $P$ for a data $x$ by two parameters: Kolmogorov complexity $C(P)$ of the hypothesis and the probability $P(x)$ of $x$ with respect to $P$. P. G\'acs, J. Tromp, P.M.B.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-15 Alexey Milovanov

We study generalizations of Demuth's Theorem, which states that the image of a Martin-L\"of random real under a tt-reduction is either computable or Turing equivalent to a Martin-L\"of random real. We show that Demuth's Theorem holds for…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-10-27 Laurent Bienvenu , Christopher Porter

Adapting a result of Bazhenov, Kalimullin, and Yamaleev, we show that if a Turing degree $\textbf{d}$ is the degree of categoricity of a computable structure $\mathcal{M}$ and is not the strong degree of categoricity of any computable…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Joey Lakerdas-Gayle

The uncountability of $\mathbb{R}$ is one of its most basic properties, known far outside of mathematics. Cantor's 1874 proof of the uncountability of $\mathbb{R}$ even appears in the very first paper on set theory, i.e. a historical…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-26 Sam Sanders

Algorithmic theories of randomness can be related to theories of probabilistic sequence prediction through the notion of a predictor, defined as a function which supplies lower bounds on initial-segment probabilities of infinite sequences.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Lenhart K. Schubert

We investigate connections between resolvability and different forms of tightness. This study is adjacent to [1,2]. We construct a non-regular refinement $\tau^*$ of the natural topology of the real line $\mathbb{R}$ with properties such…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Anton Lipin

We investigate conditions under which a co-computably enumerable closed set in a computable metric space is computable and prove that in each locally computable computable metric space each co-computably enumerable compact manifold with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Zvonko Iljazovic

We provide a computational complexity lens to understand the power of machine learning models, particularly their ability to model complex systems. Machine learning models are often trained on data drawn from sampleable or more complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Lance Fortnow

The even online Kolmogorov complexity of a string $x = x_1 x_2 \cdots x_{n}$ is the minimal length of a program that for all $i\le n/2$, on input $x_1x_3 \cdots x_{2i-1}$ outputs $x_{2i}$. The odd complexity is defined similarly. The sum of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Bruno Bauwens , Maria Marchenko

We obtain a computational realization of the strong approximation theorem. That is, we develop algorithms to compute all congruence quotients modulo rational primes of a finitely generated Zariski dense group $H \leq \mathrm{SL}(n,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-08 Alla Detinko , Dane Flannery , Alexander Hulpke