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Financial distress prediction remains a significant challenge in enterprise risk analysis due to the highly imbalanced nature of real-world financial datasets, where bankrupt or distressed firms typically constitute only a small minority of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Karan Sehgal , Khawar Naveed Bhatti

Predictive models that are developed in a regulated industry or a regulated application, like determination of credit worthiness, must be interpretable and rational (e.g., meaningful improvements in basic credit behavior must result in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-13 Bob Vanderheyden , Jennifer Priestley

In the global economy, credit companies play a central role in economic development, through their activity as money lenders. This important task comes with some drawbacks, mainly the risk of the debtors not being able to repay the provided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Giorgio Visani , Federico Chesani , Enrico Bagli , Davide Capuzzo , Alessandro Poluzzi

Multivariate time series (MTS) prediction plays a key role in many fields such as finance, energy and transport, where each individual time series corresponds to the data collected from a certain data source, so-called channel. A typical…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Hui Song , A. K. Qin , Flora D. Salim

Banks utilize credit scoring as an important indicator of financial strength and eligibility for credit. Scoring models aim to assign statistical odds or probabilities for predicting if there is a risk of nonpayment in relation to many…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-10 Oguz Koc , Omur Ugur , A. Sevtap Kestel

The credit spread is a key indicator in bond investments, offering valuable insights for fixed-income investors to devise effective trading strategies. This study proposes a novel credit spread forecasting model leveraging ensemble learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Yu Shao , Jiawen Bai , Yingze Hou , Xia'an Zhou , Zhanhao Pan

This paper examines two different yet related questions related to explainable AI (XAI) practices. Machine learning (ML) is increasingly important in financial services, such as pre-approval, credit underwriting, investments, and various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Swati Tyagi

The use of credit cards has recently increased, creating an essential need for credit card assessment methods to minimize potential risks. This study investigates the utilization of machine learning (ML) models for credit card default…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Anas Arram , Masri Ayob , Musatafa Abbas Abbood Albadr , Alaa Sulaiman , Dheeb Albashish

This work proposes a unified framework for portfolio allocation, covering both asset selection and optimization, based on a multiple-hypothesis predict-then-optimize approach. The portfolio is modeled as a structured ensemble, where each…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-19 Alejandro Rodriguez Dominguez , Muhammad Shahzad , Xia Hong

This paper considers the problem of measuring the credit risk in portfolios of loans, bonds, and other instruments subject to possible default under multi-factor models. Due to the amount of the portfolio, the heterogeneous effect of…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-04-10 Cheng-Der Fuh , Chuan-Ju Wang

There exists a range of different models for estimating and simulating credit risk transitions to optimally manage credit risk portfolios and products. In this chapter we present a Coupled Markov Chain approach to model rating transitions…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Ronald Hochreiter , David Wozabal

Software testing is one of the important ways to ensure the quality of software. It is found that testing cost more than 50% of overall project cost. Effective and efficient software testing utilizes the minimum resources of software.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Ali Nawaz , Attique Ur Rehman , Muhammad Abbas

Financial market prediction is a challenging application of machine learning, where even small improvements in directional accuracy can yield substantial value. Most models struggle to exceed 55--57\% accuracy due to high noise,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg

We introduce an ensemble learning method for dynamic portfolio valuation and risk management building on regression trees. We learn the dynamic value process of a derivative portfolio from a finite sample of its cumulative cash flow. The…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-04-13 Lotfi Boudabsa , Damir Filipović

Stakeholders make various types of decisions with respect to requirements, design, management, and so on during the software development life cycle. Nevertheless, these decisions are typically not well documented and classified due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Liming Fu , Peng Liang , Xueying Li , Chen Yang

Prediction of post-loan default is an important task in credit risk management, and can be addressed by detection of financial anomalies using machine learning. This study introduces a ResE-BiLSTM model, using a sliding window technique,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Yue Yang , Yuxiang Lin , Ying Zhang , Zihan Su , Chang Chuan Goh , Tangtangfang Fang , Anthony Graham Bellotti , Boon Giin Lee

In the area of credit risk analytics, current Bankruptcy Prediction Models (BPMs) struggle with (a) the availability of comprehensive and real-world data sets and (b) the presence of extreme class imbalance in the data (i.e., very few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Sheikh Rabiul Islam , William Eberle , Sheikh K. Ghafoor , Sid C. Bundy , Douglas A. Talbert , Ambareen Siraj

Machine learning has automated much of financial fraud detection, notifying firms of, or even blocking, questionable transactions instantly. However, data imbalance starves traditionally trained models of the content necessary to detect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-06 Samuel Showalter , Zhixin Wu

Credit default poses significant challenges to financial institutions and consumers, resulting in substantial financial losses and diminished trust. As such, credit default risk management has been a critical topic in the financial…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yuanhong Wu , Jingyan Xu , Wei Ye , Christina Schweikert , D. Frank Hsu

The instability of the financial system as experienced in recent years and in previous periods is often linked to credit defaults, i.e., to the failure of obligors to make promised payments. Given the large number of credit contracts, this…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-17 Thilo A. Schmitt , Desislava Chetalova , Rudi Schäfer , Thomas Guhr