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Loss of plasticity is a phenomenon where neural networks can become more difficult to train over the course of learning. Continual learning algorithms seek to mitigate this effect by sustaining good performance while maintaining network…

This paper explores the connection between two recently identified phenomena in deep learning: plasticity loss and neural collapse. We analyze their correlation in different scenarios, revealing a significant association during the initial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Guglielmo Bonifazi , Iason Chalas , Gian Hess , Jakub Łucki

Deep neural networks can struggle to learn continually in the face of non-stationarity. This phenomenon is known as loss of plasticity. In this paper, we identify underlying principles that lead to plastic algorithms. In particular, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Alex Lewandowski , Dale Schuurmans , Marlos C. Machado

Modern deep-learning systems are specialized to problem settings in which training occurs once and then never again, as opposed to continual-learning settings in which training occurs continually. If deep-learning systems are applied in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Shibhansh Dohare , J. Fernando Hernandez-Garcia , Parash Rahman , A. Rupam Mahmood , Richard S. Sutton

Plasticity, the ability of a neural network to quickly change its predictions in response to new information, is essential for the adaptability and robustness of deep reinforcement learning systems. Deep neural networks are known to lose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Clare Lyle , Zeyu Zheng , Evgenii Nikishin , Bernardo Avila Pires , Razvan Pascanu , Will Dabney

Deep continual learning requires models to adapt to new tasks without retraining from scratch. However, neural networks can lose their ability to adapt to new tasks after training on previous ones, a phenomenon known as loss of plasticity.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiuqi Wang , Jayanth Srinivasa , Claire Chen , Shuze Daniel Liu , Ali Payani , Shangtong Zhang

Underpinning the past decades of work on the design, initialization, and optimization of neural networks is a seemingly innocuous assumption: that the network is trained on a \textit{stationary} data distribution. In settings where this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Clare Lyle , Zeyu Zheng , Khimya Khetarpal , Hado van Hasselt , Razvan Pascanu , James Martens , Will Dabney

Loss of plasticity is one of the main challenges in continual learning with deep neural networks, where neural networks trained via backpropagation gradually lose their ability to adapt to new tasks and perform significantly worse than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Jiuqi Wang , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang

Plasticity, or the ability of an agent to adapt to new tasks, environments, or distributions, is crucial for continual learning. In this paper, we study the loss of plasticity in deep continual RL from the lens of churn: network output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hongyao Tang , Johan Obando-Ceron , Pablo Samuel Castro , Aaron Courville , Glen Berseth

Catastrophic forgetting is a major problem in continual learning, and lots of approaches arise to reduce it. However, most of them are evaluated through task accuracy, which ignores the internal model structure. Recent research suggests…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yunqin Zhu , Jun Jin

Continual learning with deep neural networks presents challenges distinct from both the fixed-dataset and convex continual learning regimes. One such challenge is plasticity loss, wherein a neural network trained in an online fashion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Arthur Juliani , Jordan T. Ash

Loss of plasticity is a phenomenon in which neural networks lose their ability to learn from new experience. Despite being empirically observed in several problem settings, little is understood about the mechanisms that lead to loss of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Alex Lewandowski , Haruto Tanaka , Dale Schuurmans , Marlos C. Machado

Neural networks have achieved remarkable success in many cognitive tasks. However, when they are trained sequentially on multiple tasks without access to old data, their performance on early tasks tend to drop significantly. This problem is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Dong Yin , Mehrdad Farajtabar , Ang Li , Nir Levine , Alex Mott

Plasticity refers to a network's ability to adapt to changing data distributions, which is crucial for the successful training of deep reinforcement learning agents. Loss of plasticity causes performance plateaus and contributes to scaling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Timo Klein , Christoph Luther , Manus McAuliffe , Lukas Miklautz , Claudia Plant , Sebastian Tschiatschek

Training deep neural networks for classification often includes minimizing the training loss beyond the zero training error point. In this phase of training, a "neural collapse" behavior has been observed: the variability of features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Tom Tirer , Haoxiang Huang , Jonathan Niles-Weed

Deep neural networks have shown remarkable performance when trained on independent and identically distributed data from a fixed set of classes. However, in real-world scenarios, it can be desirable to train models on a continuous stream of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Nicolas Michel , Giovanni Chierchia , Romain Negrel , Jean-François Bercher , Toshihiko Yamasaki

One aim shared by multiple settings, such as continual learning or transfer learning, is to leverage previously acquired knowledge to converge faster on the current task. Usually this is done through fine-tuning, where an implicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Tudor Berariu , Wojciech Czarnecki , Soham De , Jorg Bornschein , Samuel Smith , Razvan Pascanu , Claudia Clopath

In recent years, continual learning, a prediction setting in which the problem environment may evolve over time, has become an increasingly popular research field due to the framework's gearing towards complex, non-stationary objectives.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Max Koster , Jude Kukla

Continual learning algorithms strive to acquire new knowledge while preserving prior information. Often, these algorithms emphasise stability and restrict network updates upon learning new tasks. In many cases, such restrictions come at a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Daniel Anthes , Sushrut Thorat , Peter König , Tim C. Kietzmann

This paper investigates the fundamental mechanisms driving plasticity loss in deep reinforcement learning (RL), a critical challenge where neural networks lose their ability to adapt to non-stationary environments. While existing research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhiqiang He
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