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In the realm of robotics, achieving simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is paramount for autonomous navigation, especially in challenging environments like texture-less structures. This paper proposed a factor-graph-based model…
Localization and mapping with heterogeneous multi-sensor fusion have been prevalent in recent years. To adequately fuse multi-modal sensor measurements received at different time instants and different frequencies, we estimate the…
We present an efficient multi-sensor odometry system for mobile platforms that jointly optimizes visual, lidar, and inertial information within a single integrated factor graph. This runs in real-time at full framerate using fixed lag…
State-of-the-art robotic perception systems have achieved sufficiently good performance using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), cameras, and nonlinear optimization techniques, that they are now being deployed as technologies. However, many…
Factor graph is a graph representing the factorization of a probability distribution function, and has been utilized in many autonomous machine computing tasks, such as localization, tracking, planning and control etc. We are developing an…
Millimeter-wave radar provides robust perception in visually degraded environments. However, radar-inertial state estimation is inherently susceptible to drift. Because radar yields only sparse, body-frame velocity measurements, it provides…
Radar ensures robust sensing capabilities in adverse weather conditions, yet challenges remain due to its high inherent noise level. Existing radar odometry has overcome these challenges with strategies such as filtering spurious points,…
In simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), image feature point matching process consume a lot of time. The capacity of low-power systems such as embedded systems is almost limited. It is difficult to ensure the timely processing of…
Accurate localization is a core component of a robot's navigation system. To this end, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) can provide absolute measurements outdoors and, therefore, eliminate long-term drift. However, fusing GNSS…
IMU preintegration is widely used in factor-graph-based visual--inertial, lidar--inertial, and radar--inertial state estimation, yet it is often treated as a specialized implementation separate from conventional IMU propagation. This note…
In this paper, we present a factor-graph LiDAR-SLAM system which incorporates a state-of-the-art deeply learned feature-based loop closure detector to enable a legged robot to localize and map in industrial environments. These facilities…
Integrating multiple LiDAR sensors can significantly enhance a robot's perception of the environment, enabling it to capture adequate measurements for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). Indeed, solid-state LiDARs can bring in…
Recent deep learning based visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) methods have made significant progress. However, how to make full use of visual information as well as better integrate with inertial measurement unit (IMU) in…
Most of the existing LiDAR-inertial navigation systems are based on frame-to-map registrations, leading to inconsistency in state estimation. The newest solid-state LiDAR with a non-repetitive scanning pattern makes it possible to achieve a…
The factor graph framework is a convenient modeling technique for robotic state estimation where states are represented as nodes, and measurements are modeled as factors. When designing a sensor fusion framework for legged robots, one often…
The ubiquitous planes and structural consistency are the most apparent features of indoor multi-story Buildings compared with outdoor environments. In this paper, we propose a tightly coupled LiDAR-Inertial 3D SLAM framework with plane…
Tightly coupled SLAM formulations under mixed-rate sensing often bind temporal processing, local geometric association, estimator formulation, and map-update policy into method-specific designs. Such binding makes it difficult to vary one…
An efficient hardware implementation for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) methods is of necessity for mobile autonomous robots with limited computational resources. In this paper, we propose a resource-efficient FPGA…
Modern autonomous vehicles and robots utilize versatile sensors for localization and mapping. The fidelity of these maps is paramount, as an accurate environmental representation is a prerequisite for stable and precise localization. Factor…
Inertial measurement unit (IMU) preintegration is widely used in factor graph optimization (FGO); e.g., in visual-inertial navigation system and global navigation satellite system/inertial navigation system (GNSS/INS) integration. However,…