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Modern deep architectures often rely on large-scale datasets, but training on these datasets incurs high computational and storage overhead. Real-world datasets often contain substantial redundancies, prompting the need for more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Suorong Yang , Peijia Li , Furao Shen , Jian Zhao

Modern vision-based reinforcement learning techniques often use convolutional neural networks (CNN) as universal function approximators to choose which action to take for a given visual input. Until recently, CNNs have been treated like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Jieliang Luo , Sam Green , Peter Feghali , George Legrady , Çetin Kaya Koç

In this paper, we study the problem of image recognition with non-differentiable constraints. A lot of real-life recognition applications require a rich output structure with deterministic constraints that are discrete or modeled by a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Xuan Li , Yuchen Lu , Peng Xu , Jizong Peng , Christian Desrosiers , Xue Liu

Reinforcement Learning (RL), a subfield of Artificial Intelligence (AI), focuses on training agents to make decisions by interacting with their environment to maximize cumulative rewards. This paper provides an overview of RL, covering its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Majid Ghasemi , Dariush Ebrahimi

In recent years deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems have attained superhuman performance in a number of challenging task domains. However, a major limitation of such applications is their demand for massive amounts of training data. A…

Traditional vision-language models struggle with contrastive fine-grained taxonomic reasoning, particularly when distinguishing between visually similar species within the same genus or family. We introduce TaxonRL, a reinforcement learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Maximilian von Klinski , Maximilian Schall

In recent years, reinforcement learning and bandits have transformed a wide range of real-world applications including healthcare, finance, recommendation systems, robotics, and last but not least, the speech and natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Baihan Lin

Reinforcement learning is now widely adopted as the final stage of large language model training, especially for reasoning-style tasks such as maths problems. Typically, models attempt each question many times during a single training step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Thomas Foster , Anya Sims , Johannes Forkel , Mattie Fellows , Jakob Foerster

Contrastive learning is a popular form of self-supervised learning that encourages augmentations (views) of the same input to have more similar representations compared to augmentations of different inputs. Recent attempts to theoretically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Nikunj Saunshi , Jordan Ash , Surbhi Goel , Dipendra Misra , Cyril Zhang , Sanjeev Arora , Sham Kakade , Akshay Krishnamurthy

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a variety of game-like environments. However, the application of deep RL to visual navigation with realistic environments is a challenging task. We propose a novel learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Jonáš Kulhánek , Erik Derner , Tim de Bruin , Robert Babuška

Reinforcement learning is concerned with identifying reward-maximizing behaviour policies in environments that are initially unknown. State-of-the-art reinforcement learning approaches, such as deep Q-networks, are model-free and learn to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Felix Leibfried , Nate Kushman , Katja Hofmann

In reinforcement learning algorithms, it is a common practice to account for only a single view of the environment to make the desired decisions; however, utilizing multiple views of the environment can help to promote the learning of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Elaheh Barati , Xuewen Chen , Zichun Zhong

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are designed to optimize problem-solving by learning actions that maximize rewards, a task that becomes particularly challenging in random and nonstationary environments. Even advanced RL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Sebastian Zieglmeier , Niklas Erdmann , Narada D. Warakagoda

Large-scale vision models have become integral in many applications due to their unprecedented performance and versatility across downstream tasks. However, the robustness of these foundation models has primarily been explored for a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Antoni Kowalczuk , Jan Dubiński , Atiyeh Ashari Ghomi , Yi Sui , George Stein , Jiapeng Wu , Jesse C. Cresswell , Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic

Recent advances in reasoning domains with neural networks have primarily been enabled by a training recipe that optimizes Large Language Models, previously trained to predict the next-token in a sequence, with reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Nikolaos Tsilivis , Eran Malach , Karen Ullrich , Julia Kempe

Due to the realization that deep reinforcement learning algorithms trained on high-dimensional tasks can strongly overfit to their training environments, there have been several studies that investigated the generalization performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Safa Alver , Doina Precup

Recent advancements in Chain of Thought (COT) generation have significantly improved the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), with reinforcement learning (RL) emerging as an effective post-training approach. Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yi Chen , Yuying Ge , Rui Wang , Yixiao Ge , Lu Qiu , Ying Shan , Xihui Liu

There are several ways to categorise reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, such as either model-based or model-free, policy-based or planning-based, on-policy or off-policy, and online or offline. Broad classification schemes such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Beren Millidge , Alexander Tschantz , Anil K Seth , Christopher L Buckley

Continuous Integration (CI) significantly reduces integration problems, speeds up development time, and shortens release time. However, it also introduces new challenges for quality assurance activities, including regression testing, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Mojtaba Bagherzadeh , Nafiseh Kahani , Lionel Briand

This paper surveys the field of reinforcement learning from a computer-science perspective. It is written to be accessible to researchers familiar with machine learning. Both the historical basis of the field and a broad selection of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 L. P. Kaelbling , M. L. Littman , A. W. Moore