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Large language model (LLM) unlearning aims to remove specific data influences from pre-trained model without costly retraining, addressing privacy, copyright, and safety concerns. However, recent studies reveal a critical vulnerability:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zeguan Xiao , Xuanzhe Xu , Yun Chen , Yong Wang , Jian Yang , Yanqing Hu , Guanhua Chen

To comply with AI and data regulations, the need to forget private or copyrighted information from trained machine learning models is increasingly important. The key challenge in unlearning is forgetting the necessary data in a timely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jack Foster , Kyle Fogarty , Stefan Schoepf , Zack Dugue , Cengiz Öztireli , Alexandra Brintrup

Noise-based certified machine unlearning currently faces a hard ceiling: the noise magnitude required to certify unlearning typically destroys model utility, particularly for large-scale deletion requests. While leveraging public data is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ahmed Mehdi Inane , Vincent Quirion , Gintare Karolina Dzugaite , Ioannis Mitliagkas

Machine unlearning is a promising approach to mitigate undesirable memorization of training data in ML models. However, in this work we show that existing approaches for unlearning in LLMs are surprisingly susceptible to a simple set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shengyuan Hu , Yiwei Fu , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific data influences from trained models, a capability essential for adhering to copyright laws and ensuring AI safety. Current unlearning metrics typically measure success by monitoring the model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Hengrui Jia , Taoran Li , Jonas Guan , Varun Chandrasekaran

Removing information from a machine learning model is a non-trivial task that requires to partially revert the training process. This task is unavoidable when sensitive data, such as credit card numbers or passwords, accidentally enter the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Alexander Warnecke , Lukas Pirch , Christian Wressnegger , Konrad Rieck

Large language models (LLMs) require iterative updates to address the outdated information problem, where LLM unlearning offers an approach for selective removal. However, mainstream unlearning methods primarily rely on fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Miao Yu , Liang Lin , Guibin Zhang , Xinfeng Li , Junfeng Fang , Xingrui Yu , Ivor Tsang , Ningyu Zhang , Kun Wang , Yang Wang

Once users have shared their data online, it is generally difficult for them to revoke access and ask for the data to be deleted. Machine learning (ML) exacerbates this problem because any model trained with said data may have memorized it,…

Session-based recommendation predicts users' future interests from previous interactions in a session. Despite the memorizing of historical samples, the request of unlearning, i.e., to remove the effect of certain training samples, also…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Xin Xin , Liu Yang , Ziqi Zhao , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Jun Ma , Zhaochun Ren

Deep machine unlearning is the problem of `removing' from a trained neural network a subset of its training set. This problem is very timely and has many applications, including the key tasks of removing biases (RB), resolving confusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Meghdad Kurmanji , Peter Triantafillou , Jamie Hayes , Eleni Triantafillou

As concerns over data privacy intensify, unlearning in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has emerged as a prominent research frontier in academia. This concept is pivotal in enforcing the \textit{right to be forgotten}, which entails the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Jiajun Tan , Fei Sun , Ruichen Qiu , Du Su , Huawei Shen

Recently, the enactment of ``right to be forgotten" laws and regulations has imposed new privacy requirements on federated learning (FL). Researchers aim to remove the influence of certain data from the trained model without training from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Lei Zhou , Youwen Zhu , Qiao Xue , Ji Zhang , Pengfei Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in understanding and generating natural language. However, these models can inadvertently memorize private information, posing significant privacy risks. This study addresses the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Zhenhua Liu , Tong Zhu , Chuanyuan Tan , Wenliang Chen

Machine unlearning has emerged as a critical capability for addressing privacy, safety, and regulatory concerns in large language models (LLMs). Existing methods operate at the sequence level, applying uniform updates across all tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Jiawei Wu , Doudou Zhou

Privacy concerns associated with machine learning models have driven research into machine unlearning, which aims to erase the memory of specific target training data from already trained models. This issue also arises in federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Yuyuan Li , Jiaming Zhang , Yixiu Liu , Chaochao Chen

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various domains and tasks, concerns about their safety are becoming increasingly severe. In particular, since models may store unsafe knowledge internally,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Chengcan Wu , Zeming Wei , Huanran Chen , Yinpeng Dong , Meng Sun

Machine unlearning (MU) for large language models (LLMs), commonly referred to as LLM unlearning, seeks to remove specific undesirable data or knowledge from a trained model, while maintaining its performance on standard tasks. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiwei Chen , Soumyadeep Pal , Yimeng Zhang , Qing Qu , Sijia Liu

Machine unlearning has become a promising solution for fulfilling the "right to be forgotten", under which individuals can request the deletion of their data from machine learning models. However, existing studies of machine unlearning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Hongsheng Hu , Shuo Wang , Tian Dong , Minhui Xue

Jailbreaking attacks can enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to bypass the safeguard and generate harmful content. Existing jailbreaking defense methods have failed to address the fundamental issue that harmful knowledge resides within the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Weikai Lu , Ziqian Zeng , Jianwei Wang , Zhengdong Lu , Zelin Chen , Huiping Zhuang , Cen Chen

The deployment of quantized neural networks on edge devices, combined with privacy regulations like GDPR, creates an urgent need for machine unlearning in quantized models. However, existing methods face critical challenges: they induce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Tian Zhang , Yujia Tong , Junhao Dong , Ke Xu , Yuze Wang , Jingling Yuan