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In this paper we introduce a recurrent neural network (RNN) based variational autoencoder (VAE) model with a new constrained loss function that can generate more meaningful electroencephalography (EEG) features from raw EEG features to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-05 Gautam Krishna , Co Tran , Mason Carnahan , Ahmed Tewfik

In this paper we propose Structuring AutoEncoders (SAE). SAEs are neural networks which learn a low dimensional representation of data which are additionally enriched with a desired structure in this low dimensional space. While traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Marco Rudolph , Bastian Wandt , Bodo Rosenhahn

Medical Visual Question Answering (MVQA) systems can interpret medical images in response to natural language queries. However, linguistic variability in question phrasing often undermines the consistency of these systems. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yongpei Ma , Pengyu Wang , Adam Dunn , Usman Naseem , Jinman Kim

Singing voice synthesis (SVS) aims to generate natural and expressive singing waveforms from symbolic musical scores. In cVAE-based SVS, however, a mismatch arises because the decoder is trained with latent representations inferred from…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Minhyeok Yun , Yong-Hoon Choi

Current large language models (LLMs) primarily utilize next-token prediction method for inference, which significantly impedes their processing speed. In this paper, we introduce a novel inference methodology termed next-sentence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Hongjun An , Yifan Chen , Zhe Sun , Xuelong Li

As large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance on traditional benchmarks, there is an urgent need for more challenging evaluation frameworks that probe deeper aspects of semantic understanding. We introduce SAGE (Semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Samarth Goel , Reagan J. Lee , Kannan Ramchandran

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models capable of learning compact latent representations. However, conventional VAEs often generate relatively blurry images due to their assumption of an isotropic Gaussian latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Andrew Kiruluta

Ultra-High Definition (UHD) image restoration faces a trade-off between computational efficiency and high-frequency detail retention. While Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) improve efficiency via latent-space processing, their Gaussian…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yidi Liu , Xueyang Fu , Jie Huang , Jie Xiao , Dong Li , Wenlong Zhang , Lei Bai , Zheng-Jun Zha

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models excel at interpreting both images and text but remain vulnerable to multimodal adversarial examples (AEs). Advancing the generation of transferable AEs, which succeed across unseen models, is key to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Xiaojun Jia , Sensen Gao , Qing Guo , Ke Ma , Yihao Huang , Simeng Qin , Yang Liu , Ivor Tsang Fellow , Xiaochun Cao

This paper proposes the target speaker enhancement based speaker verification network (TASE-SVNet), an all neural model that couples target speaker enhancement and speaker embedding extraction for robust speaker verification (SV).…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-17 Chunlei Zhang , Meng Yu , Chao Weng , Dong Yu

Most visual generative models compress images into a latent space before applying diffusion or autoregressive modelling. Yet, existing approaches such as VAEs and foundation model aligned encoders implicitly constrain the latent space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sen Ye , Jianning Pei , Mengde Xu , Shuyang Gu , Chunyu Wang , Liwei Wang , Han Hu

Recently, significant progress has been made in masked image modeling to catch up to masked language modeling. However, unlike words in NLP, the lack of semantic decomposition of images still makes masked autoencoding (MAE) different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Gang Li , Heliang Zheng , Daqing Liu , Chaoyue Wang , Bing Su , Changwen Zheng

Deep latent variable models (LVM) such as variational auto-encoder (VAE) have recently played an important role in text generation. One key factor is the exploitation of smooth latent structures to guide the generation. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Le Fang , Chunyuan Li , Jianfeng Gao , Wen Dong , Changyou Chen

Semantic image synthesis is a process for generating photorealistic images from a single semantic mask. To enrich the diversity of multimodal image synthesis, previous methods have controlled the global appearance of an output image by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Yuki Endo , Yoshihiro Kanamori

The advances in attention-based encoder-decoder (AED) networks have brought great progress to end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR). One way to further improve the performance of AED-based E2E ASR is to introduce an extra text…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Wei Wang , Shuo Ren , Yao Qian , Shujie Liu , Yu Shi , Yanmin Qian , Michael Zeng

We introduce SLED, an alternative approach to speech language modeling by encoding speech waveforms into sequences of continuous latent representations and modeling them autoregressively using an energy distance objective. The energy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Zhengrui Ma , Yang Feng , Chenze Shao , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Min Zhang

When trained effectively, the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) can be both a powerful generative model and an effective representation learning framework for natural language. In this paper, we propose the first large-scale language VAE model,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Chunyuan Li , Xiang Gao , Yuan Li , Baolin Peng , Xiujun Li , Yizhe Zhang , Jianfeng Gao

We present a novel approach to learn representations for sentence-level semantic similarity using conversational data. Our method trains an unsupervised model to predict conversational input-response pairs. The resulting sentence embeddings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Yinfei Yang , Steve Yuan , Daniel Cer , Sheng-yi Kong , Noah Constant , Petr Pilar , Heming Ge , Yun-Hsuan Sung , Brian Strope , Ray Kurzweil

As advances in signature recognition have reached a new plateau of performance at around 2% error rate, it is interesting to investigate alternative approaches. The approach detailed in this paper looks at using Variational Auto-Encoders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Antoine Viscardi , Casey Juanxi Li , Thomas Hollis

Vector quantization (VQ) transforms continuous image features into discrete representations, providing compressed, tokenized inputs for generative models. However, VQ-based frameworks suffer from several issues, such as non-smooth latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Sicheng Yang , Xing Hu , Qiang Wu , Dawei Yang