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Many complex networks show signs of modular structure, uncovered by community detection. Although many methods succeed in revealing various partitions, it remains difficult to detect at what scale some partition is significant. This problem…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-10-15 V. A. Traag , G. Krings , P. Van Dooren

Many real systems can be represented as networks whose analysis can be very informative regarding the original system's organisation. In the past decade community detection received a lot of attention and is now an active field of research.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Erwan Le Martelot , Chris Hankin

Community detection is considered as a fundamental task in analyzing social networks. Even though many techniques have been proposed for community detection, most of them are based exclusively on the connectivity structures. However, there…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Hadi Zare , Mahdi Hajiabadi , Mahdi Jalili

Visualization of the adjacency matrix enables us to capture macroscopic features of a network when the matrix elements are aligned properly. Community structure, a network consisting of several densely connected components, is a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-11 Masaki Ochi , Tatsuro Kawamoto

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the generalized spectral structure of the modularity matrix $B$, which is introduced by Newman as the kernel matrix for the quadratic-form expression of the modularity function $Q$ used for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-10-24 Dimitris Floros , Nikos Pitsianis , Xiaobai Sun

Agglomerative clustering is a well established strategy for identifying communities in networks. Communities are successively merged into larger communities, coarsening a network of actors into a more manageable network of communities. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-01-16 Michael J. Barber

Graph clustering is an important unsupervised learning technique for partitioning graphs with attributes and detecting communities. However, current methods struggle to accurately capture true community structures and intra-cluster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Samarth Bhatia , Yukti Makhija , Manoj Kumar , Sandeep Kumar

Numerous networked systems feature a structure of nontrivial communities, which often correspond to their functional modules. Such communities have been detected in real-world biological, social and technological systems, as well as in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-08 Charo I. del Genio

We review and improve a recently introduced method for the detection of communities in complex networks. This method combines spectral properties of some matrices encoding the network topology, with well known hierarchical clustering…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 L. Donetti , M. A. Munoz

Popularity is an approach in mechanism design to find fair structures in a graph, based on the votes of the nodes. Popular matchings are the relaxation of stable matchings: given a graph G=(V,E) with strict preferences on the neighbors of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Erika Bérczi-Kovács , Kata Kosztolányi

We consider the problem of finding communities or modules in directed networks. The most common approach to this problem in the previous literature has been simply to ignore edge direction and apply methods developed for community discovery…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-03-22 E. A. Leicht , M. E. J. Newman

Community structure represents the local organization of complex networks and the single most important feature to extract functional relationships between nodes. In the last years, the problem of community detection has been reformulated…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Santo Fortunato

Many complex networks have an underlying modular structure, i.e., structural subunits (communities or clusters) characterized by highly interconnected nodes. The modularity $Q$ has been introduced as a measure to assess the quality of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-11 Stefanie Muff , Francesco Rao , Amedeo Caflisch

Nodal theorems for generalized modularity matrices ensure that the cluster located by the positive entries of the leading eigenvector of various modularity matrices induces a connected subgraph. In this paper we obtain lower bounds for the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-18 Dario Fasino , Francesco Tudisco

It is known that complete graphs and complete multipartite graphs have modularity zero. We show that the least number of edges we may delete from the complete graph $K_n$ to obtain a graph with non-zero modularity is $\lfloor n/2\rfloor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Colin McDiarmid , Fiona Skerman

Complex networks play a crucial role in understanding physical, biological, social and technological systems. One of the most relevant features of graphs representing real systems is community structure. In this paper, for a specific…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Yu Miao , Qing Yin

Many networks including social networks, computer networks, and biological networks are found to divide naturally into communities of densely connected individuals. Finding community structure is one of fundamental problems in network…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-08-22 Thang N. Dinh , My T. Thai

The study of complex networks has significantly advanced our understanding of community structures which serves as a crucial feature of real-world graphs. Detecting communities in graphs is a challenging problem with applications in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jiakang Li , Songning Lai , Zhihao Shuai , Yuan Tan , Yifan Jia , Mianyang Yu , Zichen Song , Xiaokang Peng , Ziyang Xu , Yongxin Ni , Haifeng Qiu , Jiayu Yang , Yutong Liu , Yonggang Lu

Components of complex systems are often classified according to the way they interact with each other. In graph theory such groups are known as clusters or communities. Many different techniques have been recently proposed to detect them,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-04-30 Muhittin Mungan , Jose J. Ramasco

We are now witnessing a rapid growth of a new part of group theory which has become known as "statistical group theory". A typical result in this area would say something like ``a random element (or a tuple of elements) of a group G has a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexandre V. Borovik , Alexei G. Myasnikov , Vladimir Shpilrain