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We present $\textbf{Research Math Agents (RMA)}$, an agentic framework for automated reasoning on research-level mathematical problems. Unlike prior studies centered on competition mathematics or formal theorem proving, RMA targets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zelin Zhao , Bo Yuan , Jaemoo Choi , Yongxin Chen

Recent advancements in agentic test-time scaling allow models to gather environmental feedback before committing to final actions. A key limitation of existing methods is that they typically employ undifferentiated exploration strategies,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xingyuan Hua , Sheng Yue , Ju Ren

The integration of large language model (LLM) agents into telecom networks introduces new challenges, related to intent recognition, tool execution, and resolution generation, while taking into consideration different operational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Lina Bariah , Brahim Mefgouda , Farbod Tavakkoli , Enrique Molero , Louis Powell , Merouane Debbah

Although LLM-based agents, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), can use external tools and memory mechanisms to solve complex real-world tasks, they may also introduce critical security vulnerabilities. However, the existing literature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Hanrong Zhang , Jingyuan Huang , Kai Mei , Yifei Yao , Zhenting Wang , Chenlu Zhan , Hongwei Wang , Yongfeng Zhang

Recent advances in large language models have enabled LLM-based agents to achieve strong performance on a variety of benchmarks. However, their performance in real-world deployments often that observed on benchmark settings, especially in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ruipeng Wang , Yuxin Chen , Yukai Wang , Chang Wu , Junfeng Fang , Xiaodong Cai , Qi Gu , Hui Su , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Tat-Seng Chua

Evaluating large language models (LLM) in clinical scenarios is crucial to assessing their potential clinical utility. Existing benchmarks rely heavily on static question-answering, which does not accurately depict the complex, sequential…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Samuel Schmidgall , Rojin Ziaei , Carl Harris , Eduardo Reis , Jeffrey Jopling , Michael Moor

We study whether self-learning can scale LLM-based agents without relying on human-curated datasets or predefined rule-based rewards. Through controlled experiments in a search-agent setting, we identify two key determinants of scalable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wangtao Sun , Xiang Cheng , Jialin Fan , Yao Xu , Xing Yu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

As frontier language models are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents pursuing complex, long-term objectives, there is increased risk of scheming: agents covertly pursuing misaligned goals. Prior work has focused on showing agents are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Mia Hopman , Jannes Elstner , Maria Avramidou , Amritanshu Prasad , David Lindner

A common problem for agents operating in real-world environments is that the response of an environment to their actions may be non-deterministic and observed through noise. This renders environmental state and progress towards completing a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 William E Bishop , Alice Li , Christopher Rawles , Oriana Riva

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly capable but often require significant guidance or extensive interaction history to perform effectively in complex, interactive environments. Existing methods may struggle with adapting to new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Samuel Holt , Max Ruiz Luyten , Thomas Pouplin , Mihaela van der Schaar

Graphs are widely used for modeling relational data in real-world scenarios, such as social networks and urban computing. Existing LLM-based graph analysis approaches either integrate graph neural networks (GNNs) for specific machine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xin Li , Qizhi Chu , Yubin Chen , Yang Liu , Yaoqi Liu , Zekai Yu , Weize Chen , Chen Qian , Chuan Shi , Cheng Yang

Large language models are increasingly deployed as specialized agents that plan, call tools, and take actions over extended horizons. Yet many existing evaluations assume a "clean interface" where dynamics are specified and stable, tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential as agents for tool invocation due to their advanced comprehension and planning capabilities. Users increasingly rely on LLM-based agents to solve complex missions through iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong capabilities but remain limited to fixed modality pairs and require costly fine-tuning with large aligned datasets. Building fully omni-capable models that can integrate text,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Huawei Lin , Yunzhi Shi , Tong Geng , Weijie Zhao , Wei Wang , Ravender Pal Singh

As agentic AI systems increasingly operate autonomously, establishing trust through verifiable evaluation becomes critical. Yet existing benchmarks lack the transparency and auditability needed to assess whether agents behave reliably. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hyunjun Kim , Sooyoung Ryu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in understanding language and executing complex reasoning tasks. However, LLMs with long context windows have been notorious for their expensive training costs and high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jun Zhao , Can Zu , Hao Xu , Yi Lu , Wei He , Yiwen Ding , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Current Large Language Model (LLM) agents demonstrate strong reasoning and tool use capabilities, but often lack self-awareness, failing to balance these approaches effectively. This imbalance leads to Tool Overuse, where models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Cheng Qian , Emre Can Acikgoz , Hongru Wang , Xiusi Chen , Avirup Sil , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Heng Ji

Language agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding, reasoning, and executing complex tasks. However, developing robust agents presents significant challenges: substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Qianqian Zhang , Jiajia Liao , Heting Ying , Yibo Ma , Haozhan Shen , Jingcheng Li , Peng Liu , Lu Zhang , Chunxin Fang , Kyusong Lee , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

A wide range of real-world applications is characterized by their symbolic nature, necessitating a strong capability for symbolic reasoning. This paper investigates the potential application of Large Language Models (LLMs) as symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Meng Fang , Shilong Deng , Yudi Zhang , Zijing Shi , Ling Chen , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Jun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable emergent capabilities, yet the robustness of their numerical reasoning remains an open question. While standard benchmarks evaluate LLM reasoning on complex problem sets using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Roussel Rahman , Aashwin Ananda Mishra