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Conventional audio-visual models have independent audio and video branches. In this work, we unify the audio and visual branches by designing a Unified Audio-Visual Model (UAVM). The UAVM achieves a new state-of-the-art audio-visual event…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Yuan Gong , Alexander H. Liu , Andrew Rouditchenko , James Glass

Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) has become a dominant approach in neural speech and audio coding, providing high-fidelity compression. However, speech coding presents additional challenges due to real-world noise, which degrades…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yunkee Chae , Kyogu Lee

We study two foundational problems in audio language models: (1) how to design an audio tokenizer that can serve as an intermediate representation for both understanding and generation; and (2) how to build an audio foundation model that…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Dongchao Yang , Yuanyuan Wang , Dading Chong , Songxiang Liu , Xixin Wu , Helen Meng

Audio codec models are widely used in audio communication as a crucial technique for compressing audio into discrete representations. Nowadays, audio codec models are increasingly utilized in generation fields as intermediate…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Dongchao Yang , Songxiang Liu , Rongjie Huang , Jinchuan Tian , Chao Weng , Yuexian Zou

Voice conversion (VC) is a task that transforms the source speaker's timbre, accent, and tones in audio into another one's while preserving the linguistic content. It is still a challenging work, especially in a one-shot setting.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-09 Da-Yi Wu , Yen-Hao Chen , Hung-Yi Lee

We present a neural speech codec that challenges the need for complex residual vector quantization (RVQ) stacks by introducing a simpler, single-stage quantization approach. Our method operates directly on the mel-spectrogram, treating it…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Luis Felipe Chary , Miguel Arjona Ramirez

Speech codecs serve as a crucial bridge in unifying speech and text language models. Existing codec methods face several challenges in semantic encoding, such as residual paralinguistic information (e.g., timbre, emotion), insufficient…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-06 Chunyu Qiang , Haoyu Wang , Cheng Gong , Tianrui Wang , Ruibo Fu , Tao Wang , Ruilong Chen , Jiangyan Yi , Zhengqi Wen , Chen Zhang , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang , Jianhua Tao

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has revolutionized audio representations, yet models often remain domain-specific, focusing on either speech or non-speech tasks. In this work, we present Universal Speech and Audio Distillation (USAD), a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Heng-Jui Chang , Saurabhchand Bhati , James Glass , Alexander H. Liu

In audio-visual navigation (AVN), an intelligent agent needs to navigate to a constantly sound-making object in complex 3D environments based on its audio and visual perceptions. While existing methods attempt to improve the navigation…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Shunqi Mao , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Weidong Cai

Neural audio codecs have recently enabled high-fidelity reconstruction at high compression rates, especially for speech. However, speech and non-speech audio exhibit fundamentally different spectral characteristics: speech energy…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Haoran Wang , Jiatong Shi , Jinchuan Tian , Bohan Li , Kai Yu , Shinji Watanabe

Universal audio codecs learn entangled representations across audio types, whereas some specific codecs offer decoupled representations but are limited to speech. Real-world audio, however, often contains mixed speech and background sounds,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Xiaoxue Luo , Jinwei Huang , Runyan Yang , Yingying Gao , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shilei Zhang

A good audio codec for live applications such as telecommunication is characterized by three key properties: (1) compression, i.e.\ the bitrate that is required to transmit the signal should be as low as possible; (2) latency, i.e.\…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-29 Yi-Chiao Wu , Israel D. Gebru , Dejan Marković , Alexander Richard

Neural audio codecs discretize speech via residual vector quantization (RVQ), forming a coarse-to-fine hierarchy across quantizers. While codec models have been explored for representation learning, their discrete structure remains…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jinyang Wu , Zihan Pan , Qiquan Zhang , Sailor Hardik Bhupendra , Soumik Mondal

Neural audio codecs, leveraging quantization algorithms, have significantly impacted various speech/audio tasks. While high-fidelity reconstruction is paramount for human perception, audio coding for machines (ACoM) prioritizes efficient…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Anastasia Kuznetsova , Inseon Jang , Wootaek Lim , Minje Kim

Neural speech codecs have achieved strong performance in low-bitrate compression, but residual vector quantization (RVQ) often suffers from unstable training and ineffective decomposition, limiting reconstruction quality and efficiency. We…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jiatong Shi , Haoran Wang , William Chen , Chenda Li , Wangyou Zhang , Jinchuan Tian , Shinji Watanabe

Voice Conversion(VC) refers to changing the timbre of a speech while retaining the discourse content. Recently, many works have focused on disentangle-based learning techniques to separate the timbre and the linguistic content information…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Huaizhen Tang , Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Neural audio codecs are widely used as tokenizers for spoken language models, but they are optimized for waveform reconstruction rather than autoregressive prediction. This mismatch injects acoustically driven uncertainty into the discrete…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ho-Lam Chung , Yiming Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Neural audio codecs (NACs) typically encode the short-term energy (gain) and normalized structure (shape) of speech/audio signals jointly within the same latent space. As a result, they are poorly robust to a global variation of the input…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Samir Sadok , Laurent Girin , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

Recent advancements in neural audio codecs have not only enabled superior audio compression but also enhanced speech synthesis techniques. Researchers are now exploring their potential as universal acoustic feature extractors for a broader…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Wei-Cheng Tseng , David Harwath

Video Multimethod Assessment Fusion (VMAF) [1], [2], [3] is a popular tool in the industry for measuring coded video quality. In this study, we propose an auditory-inspired frontend in existing VMAF for creating videos of reference and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Arijit Biswas , Harald Mundt