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Conformal prediction is a simple and powerful tool that can quantify uncertainty without any distributional assumptions. Many existing methods only address the average coverage guarantee, which is not ideal compared to the stronger…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-21 Xing Han , Ziyang Tang , Joydeep Ghosh , Qiang Liu

This paper proposes an extension to conventional regression Neural Networks (NNs) for replacing the point predictions they produce with prediction intervals that satisfy a required level of confidence. Our approach follows a novel machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Harris Papadopoulos , Haris Haralambous

This tutorial focuses on efficient methods to predictive monitoring (PM), the problem of detecting at runtime future violations of a given requirement from the current state of a system. While performing model checking at runtime would…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Francesca Cairoli , Luca Bortolussi , Nicola Paoletti

Safety is a critical concern in learning-enabled autonomous systems especially when deploying these systems in real-world scenarios. An important challenge is accurately quantifying the uncertainty of unknown models to generate provably…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hao Zhou , Yanze Zhang , Wenhao Luo

While Conformal Prediction (CP) has proven to be a powerful framework for uncertainty quantification, guaranteeing conditional coverage remains a central challenge. Although finite-sample, distribution-free conditional validity is known to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-27 Félix Laplante

Conventional frequentist learning is known to yield poorly calibrated models that fail to reliably quantify the uncertainty of their decisions. Bayesian learning can improve calibration, but formal guarantees apply only under restrictive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-07 Sangwoo Park , Kfir M. Cohen , Osvaldo Simeone

Accurate predictions rely on the expressiveness power of graph deep learning frameworks like graph neural networks and graph transformers, where a positional encoding mechanism has become much more indispensable in recent state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Katherine Tieu , Dongqi Fu , Zihao Li , Ross Maciejewski , Jingrui He

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) achieve strong multimodal understanding, but their inference cost grows rapidly with the number of visual tokens, especially for high-resolution images and long videos. Existing attention-based methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Hongyu Lu , Feng Zhang , Wenwei Jin , Huanling Hu , Tianjun Shi , Shikai Jiang , Yao Hu , Jiawei Li

Conformal prediction is a framework for uncertainty quantification that constructs prediction sets for previously unseen data, guaranteeing coverage of the true label with a specified probability. However, the efficiency of these prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Erfan Hajihashemi , Yanning Shen

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have inspired new studies in myriad edge applications with robots, autonomous agents, and Internet-of-things (IoT) devices. However, performing inference of DNNs in the edge is still a severe challenge, mainly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-18 Ramyad Hadidi , Bahar Asgari , Jiashen Cao , Younmin Bae , Da Eun Shim , Hyojong Kim , Sung-Kyu Lim , Michael S. Ryoo , Hyesoon Kim

Conformal prediction is widely used to equip black-box machine learning models with uncertainty quantification, offering formal coverage guarantees under exchangeable data. However, these guarantees fail when faced with subpopulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Nien-Shao Wang , Duygu Nur Yaldiz , Yavuz Faruk Bakman , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy

Scene Graph Generation (SGG) aims to represent visual scenes by identifying objects and their pairwise relationships, providing a structured understanding of image content. However, inherent challenges like long-tailed class distributions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Sayak Nag , Udita Ghosh , Calvin-Khang Ta , Sarosij Bose , Jiachen Li , Amit K Roy Chowdhury

Machine learning (ML) is transforming healthcare, but safe clinical decisions demand reliable uncertainty estimates that standard ML models fail to provide. Conformal prediction (CP) is a popular tool that allows users to turn heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Klaus-Rudolf Kladny , Bernhard Schölkopf , Lisa Koch , Christian F. Baumgartner , Michael Muehlebach

Conformal prediction is an uncertainty quantification method that constructs a prediction set for a previously unseen datum, ensuring the true label is included with a predetermined coverage probability. Adaptive conformal prediction has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Erfan Hajihashemi , Yanning Shen

Conformal predictions make it possible to define reliable and robust learning algorithms. But they are essentially a method for evaluating whether an algorithm is good enough to be used in practice. To define a reliable learning framework…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-18 Alberto Carlevaro , Teodoro Alamo Cantarero , Fabrizio Dabbene , Maurizio Mongelli

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) for open-ended language generation remains a critical yet underexplored challenge, especially under black-box constraints where internal model signals are inaccessible. In this paper, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Beining Xu , Yongming Lu

Deploying trustworthy AI systems requires principled uncertainty quantification. Conformal prediction (CP) is a widely used framework for constructing prediction sets with distribution-free coverage guarantees. In many practical settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Haifeng Wen , Osvaldo Simeone , Hong Xing

The deployment of safe and trustworthy machine learning systems, and particularly complex black box neural networks, in real-world applications requires reliable and certified guarantees on their performance. The conformal prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Paul Melki , Lionel Bombrun , Boubacar Diallo , Jérôme Dias , Jean-Pierre da Costa

Time series forecasting is critical for many applications, where deep learning-based point prediction models have demonstrated strong performance. However, in practical scenarios, there is also a need to quantify predictive uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Xiannan Huang , Shuhan Qiu

We introduce Longitudinal Predictive Conformal Inference (LPCI), a novel distribution-free conformal prediction algorithm for longitudinal data. Current conformal prediction approaches for time series data predominantly focus on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-05 Devesh Batra , Salvatore Mercuri , Raad Khraishi