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Generalized additive models (GAMs) offer interpretability through independent univariate feature effects but underfit when interactions are present in data. GA$^2$Ms add selected pairwise interactions which improves accuracy, but sacrifices…

Deployment of machine learning models in real high-risk settings (e.g. healthcare) often depends not only on the model's accuracy but also on its fairness, robustness, and interpretability. Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) are a class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Chun-Hao Chang , Rich Caruana , Anna Goldenberg

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) are commonly considered *interpretable* within the ML community, as their structure makes the relationship between inputs and outputs relatively understandable. Therefore, it may seem natural to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Shahaf Bassan , Michal Moshkovitz , Guy Katz

Machine learning is permeating every conceivable domain to promote data-driven decision support. The focus is often on advanced black-box models due to their assumed performance advantages, whereas interpretable models are often associated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Sven Kruschel , Nico Hambauer , Sven Weinzierl , Sandra Zilker , Mathias Kraus , Patrick Zschech

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) are widely used explainable-by-design models in various applications. GAMs assume that the output can be represented as a sum of univariate functions, referred to as components. However, this assumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Vasilis Gkolemis , Anargiros Tzerefos , Theodore Dalamagas , Eirini Ntoutsi , Christos Diou

Due to the widespread use of complex machine learning models in real-world applications, it is becoming critical to explain model predictions. However, these models are typically black-box deep neural networks, explained post-hoc via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Filip Radenovic , Abhimanyu Dubey , Dhruv Mahajan

Symbolic regression has excelled in uncovering equations from physics, chemistry, biology, and related disciplines. However, its effectiveness becomes less certain when applied to experimental data lacking inherent closed-form expressions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Krzysztof Kacprzyk , Mihaela van der Schaar

Recent strides in interpretable machine learning (ML) research reveal that models exploit undesirable patterns in the data to make predictions, which potentially causes harms in deployment. However, it is unclear how we can fix these…

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) offer a balance between performance and interpretability in machine learning. The interpretability aspect of GAMs is expressed through shape plots, representing the model's decision-making process.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Sven Kruschel , Lasse Bohlen , Julian Rosenberger , Patrick Zschech , Mathias Kraus

Sparse generalized additive models (GAMs) are an extension of sparse generalized linear models which allow a model's prediction to vary non-linearly with an input variable. This enables the data analyst build more accurate models,…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-15 J. Kenneth Tay , Robert Tibshirani

Neural networks have become a popular tool in predictive modelling, more commonly associated with machine learning and artificial intelligence than with statistics. Generalised Additive Models (GAMs) are flexible non-linear statistical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Jessica Doohan , Lucas Kook , Kevin Burke

Interpretability of learning-to-rank models is a crucial yet relatively under-examined research area. Recent progress on interpretable ranking models largely focuses on generating post-hoc explanations for existing black-box ranking models,…

Machine learning (ML) interpretability techniques can reveal undesirable patterns in data that models exploit to make predictions--potentially causing harms once deployed. However, how to take action to address these patterns is not always…

The lack of interpretability is an inevitable problem when using neural network models in real applications. In this paper, an explainable neural network based on generalized additive models with structured interactions (GAMI-Net) is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-03 Zebin Yang , Aijun Zhang , Agus Sudjianto

Nonlinear relationships between covariates and a response variable of interest are frequently encountered in animal science research. Within statistical models, these nonlinear effects have, traditionally, been handled using a range of…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-28 Gavin L. Simpson

Logistic regression (LR) is widely used in clinical prediction because it is simple to deploy and easy to interpret. Nevertheless, being a linear model, LR has limited expressive capability and often has unsatisfactory performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Zhicheng Cui , Bradley A Fritz , Christopher R King , Michael S Avidan , Yixin Chen

Generalized additive models (GAMs) provide a way to blend parametric and non-parametric (function approximation) techniques together, making them flexible tools suitable for many modeling problems. For instance, GAMs can be used to…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-07 Antti Solonen , Stratos Staboulis

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) can be used to create non-linear glass-box (i.e. explicitly interpretable) models, where the predictive function is fully observable over the complete input space. However, glass-box interpretability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Nicolas Salvadé , Tim Hillel

Generalized additive models (GAMs) are favored in many regression and binary classification problems because they are able to fit complex, nonlinear functions while still remaining interpretable. In the first part of this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Xuezhou Zhang , Sarah Tan , Paul Koch , Yin Lou , Urszula Chajewska , Rich Caruana

While some powerful neural network architectures (e.g., Transformer, Graph Neural Networks) have achieved improved performance in sequential recommendation with high-order item dependency modeling, they may suffer from poor representation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Yaowen Ye , Lianghao Xia , Chao Huang
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