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Autonomous, goal-driven agents powered by LLMs have recently emerged as promising tools for solving challenging problems without the need for task-specific finetuned models that can be expensive to procure. Currently, the design and…

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into complex software systems enables the generation of human-understandable explanations of opaque AI processes, such as automated task planning. However, the quality and reliability of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Gricel Vázquez , Alexandros Evangelidis , Sepeedeh Shahbeigi , Radu Calinescu , Simos Gerasimou

Eye-tracking data reveals valuable insights into users' cognitive states but is difficult to analyze due to its structured, non-linguistic nature. While large language models (LLMs) excel at reasoning over text, they struggle with temporal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Dongyang Guo , Yasmeen Abdrabou , Enkeleda Thaqi , Enkelejda Kasneci

Evaluating conversational AI systems that use external tools is challenging, as errors can arise from complex interactions among user, agent, and tools. While existing evaluation methods assess either user satisfaction or agents'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Zhaoyi Joey Hou , Tanya Shourya , Yingfan Wang , Shamik Roy , Vinayshekhar Bannihatti Kumar , Rashmi Gangadharaiah

This report presents the Empathetic Cascading Networks (ECN) framework, a multi-stage prompting method designed to enhance the empathetic and inclusive capabilities of large language models. ECN employs four stages: Perspective Adoption,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Wangjiaxuan Xin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in planning the use of various functional tools, such as calculators and retrievers, particularly in question-answering tasks. In this paper, we expand the definition of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Hongru Wang , Huimin Wang , Lingzhi Wang , Minda Hu , Rui Wang , Boyang Xue , Hongyuan Lu , Fei Mi , Kam-Fai Wong

Empathy and emotion prediction are key components in the development of effective and empathetic agents, amongst several other applications. The WASSA shared task on empathy and emotion prediction in interactions presents an opportunity to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Patrícia Pereira , Helena Moniz , Joao Paulo Carvalho

Embodied agents operating in multi-agent, partially observable, and decentralized environments must plan and act despite pervasive uncertainty about hidden objects and collaborators' intentions. Recent advances in applying Large Language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 SeungWon Seo , SooBin Lim , SeongRae Noh , Haneul Kim , HyeongYeop Kang

Large language model (LLM) agents have emerged as powerful tools for complex tasks, yet their ability to adapt to individual users remains fundamentally limited. We argue this limitation stems from a critical architectural conflation:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Deepak Babu Piskala

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel academically but struggle with social intelligence tasks, such as creating good compromises. In this paper, we present methods for generating empathically neutral compromises between two opposing…

Language Model (LM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving tasks that require multiple interactions with the environment. However, they remain vulnerable in environments where a single error often leads to irrecoverable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jongwon Jeong , Jungtaek Kim , Kangwook Lee

This paper presents our approach for the WASSA 2023 Empathy, Emotion and Personality Shared Task. Empathy and distress are human feelings that are implicitly expressed in natural discourses. Empathy and distress detection are crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Tanmay Chavan , Kshitij Deshpande , Sheetal Sonawane

Developing intelligent agents for long-term cooperation in dynamic open-world scenarios is a major challenge in multi-agent systems. Traditional Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) frameworks like centralized training decentralized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Hanqing Yang , Jingdi Chen , Marie Siew , Tania Lorido-Botran , Carlee Joe-Wong

Despite the growing capabilities of autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs), their adoption in high-stakes domains remains limited. A key barrier is security: the inherently nondeterministic behavior of LLM agents defies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Adam AlSayyad , Kelvin Yuxiang Huang , Richik Pal

Empathy is essential for fostering natural interactions in spoken dialogue systems, as it enables machines to recognize the emotional tone of human speech and deliver empathetic responses. Recent research has made significant progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yun Hong , Yan Zhou , Yang Feng

In complex inferential tasks like question answering, machine learning models must confront two challenges: the need to implement a compositional reasoning process, and, in many applications, the need for this reasoning process to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Ronghang Hu , Jacob Andreas , Trevor Darrell , Kate Saenko

As a critical step to achieve human-like chatbots, empathetic response generation has attained increasing interests. Previous attempts are incomplete and not sufficient enough to elicit empathy because they only focus on the initial aspect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Weixiang Zhao , Yanyan Zhao , Xin Lu , Bing Qin

The advancement of LLM agents with tool-use capabilities requires diverse and complex training corpora. Existing data generation methods, which predominantly follow a paradigm of random sampling and shallow generation, often yield simple…

Advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing the development of autonomous agentic systems by enabling dynamic, context-aware task decomposition and automated tool selection. These sophisticated systems possess…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Adrian Garret Gabriel , Alaa Alameer Ahmad , Shankar Kumar Jeyakumar

Conversational systems are now capable of producing impressive and generally relevant responses. However, we have no visibility nor control of the socio-emotional strategies behind state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs), which poses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Lorraine Vanel , Ariel R. Ramos Vela , Alya Yacoubi , Chloé Clavel