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Recently emerged 6G space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs), which integrate satellites, aerial networks, and terrestrial communications, offer ubiquitous coverage for various mobile applications. However, the highly dynamic, open,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Qi Qin , Xinye Cao , Guoshun Nan , Sihan Chen , Rushan Li , Li Su , Haitao Du , Qimei Cui , Pengxuan Mao , Xiaofeng Tao , Tony Q. S. Quek

Most discussions about Large Language Model (LLM) safety have focused on single-agent settings but multi-agent LLM systems now create novel adversarial risks because their behavior depends on communication between agents and decentralized…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rana Muhammad Shahroz Khan , Zhen Tan , Sukwon Yun , Charles Fleming , Tianlong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed software development, enabling AI-powered applications known as LLM-based agents that promise to automate tasks across diverse apps and workflows. Yet, the security implications of deploying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Chenghao Du , Quanfeng Huang , Tingxuan Tang , Zihao Wang , Adwait Nadkarni , Yue Xiao

Agent based modelling (ABM) is a computational approach to modelling complex systems by specifying the behaviour of autonomous decision-making components or agents in the system and allowing the system dynamics to emerge from their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Leo Ardon , Jared Vann , Deepeka Garg , Tom Spooner , Sumitra Ganesh

The advent of Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) has transformed the telecommunications industry by promoting interoperability, vendor diversity, and rapid innovation. However, its disaggregated architecture introduces complex testing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Abiodun Ganiyu , Pranshav Gajjar , Vijay K Shah

The introduction of 5G and the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture has enabled more flexible and intelligent network deployments. However, the increased complexity and openness of these architectures also introduce novel security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Thusitha Dayaratne , Ngoc Duy Pham , Viet Vo , Shangqi Lai , Sharif Abuadbba , Hajime Suzuki , Xingliang Yuan , Carsten Rudolph

Open Radio Access Network (RAN) enables flexible, AI-driven control of mobile networks through disaggregated, multi-vendor components. In this architecture, xApps handle real-time functions, whereas rApps in the non-real-time controller…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Haiyuan Li , Yulei Wu , Dimitra Simeonidou

Openness and intelligence are two enabling features to be introduced in next generation wireless networks, e.g. Beyond 5G and 6G, to support service heterogeneity, open hardware, optimal resource utilization, and on-demand service…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-09 Bo Tang , Vijay K. Shah , Vuk Marojevic , Jeffrey H. Reed

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have catalyzed the rise of autonomous AI agents capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in dynamic, open-ended environments. These large-model agents mark a paradigm shift from static…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Hang Su , Jun Luo , Chang Liu , Xiao Yang , Yichi Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Jun Zhu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in building generalist agents that can learn through online interactions. However, applying reinforcement learning (RL) to train LLM agents in multi-turn,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hanchen Zhang , Xiao Liu , Bowen Lv , Xueqiao Sun , Bohao Jing , Iat Long Iong , Zhenyu Hou , Zehan Qi , Hanyu Lai , Yifan Xu , Rui Lu , Hongning Wang , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

The rapid evolution of communication networks towards 6G increasingly incorporates advanced AI-driven controls across various network segments to achieve intelligent, zero-touch operation. This paper proposes a comprehensive and modular…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Merim Dzaferagic , Marco Ruffini , Daniel Kilper

Low-Altitude Wireless Networks (LAWNs), composed of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and mobile terminals, are emerging as a critical extension of 6G. However, applying Large Language Models in LAWNs faces three major challenges: 1)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Li Dong , Feibo Jiang , Kezhi Wang , Cunhua Pan , Dong In Kim , Ekram Hossain

The disaggregation of the Radio Access Network (RAN) introduces unprecedented flexibility but significant operational complexity, necessitating automated management frameworks. However, current Open RAN (O-RAN) orchestration relies on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Gabriela da Silva Machado , Gustavo Z. Bruno , Alexandre Huff , Jose Marcos Camara Brito , Cristiano B. Both

A critical barrier to the trustworthiness of sixth-generation (6G) agentic autonomous networks is the uncertainty neglect bias; a cognitive tendency for large language model (LLM)-powered agents to make high-stakes decisions based on simple…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hatim Chergui , Farhad Rezazadeh , Mehdi Bennis , Merouane Debbah , Christos Verikoukis

The rapid evolution of large language model (LLM)-driven autonomous agents has given rise to OpenClaw, a new class of open-source agent frameworks that operate as continuously running, skill-augmented systems with persistent memory,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuntao Wang , Jianle Ba , Han Liu , Yanghe Pan , Jintao Wei , Zhou Su , Tom H. Luan , Linkang Du

As generative AI (GenAI) agents become more common in enterprise settings, they introduce security challenges that differ significantly from those posed by traditional systems. These agents are not just LLMs; they reason, remember, and act,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Vineeth Sai Narajala , Om Narayan

Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) have revolutionized complex problem-solving capability by enabling sophisticated agent collaboration through message-based communications. While the communication framework is crucial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Pengfei He , Yupin Lin , Shen Dong , Han Xu , Yue Xing , Hui Liu

The Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture is reshaping telecommunications by promoting openness, flexibility, and intelligent closed-loop optimization. By decoupling hardware and software and enabling multi-vendor deployments,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Joshua Moore , Aly Sabri Abdalla , Prabesh Khanal , Vuk Marojevic

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into high-stakes domains necessitates reliable safety and compliance evaluation. However, existing static benchmarks are ill-equipped to address the dynamic nature of AI risks and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yixu Wang , Xin Wang , Yang Yao , Xinyuan Li , Xibang Yang , Yan Teng , Xingjun Ma , Yingchun Wang

Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) are emerging as a disruptive technology, revolutionising traditional mobile network architecture and deployments in the current 5G and the upcoming 6G era. Disaggregation of network architecture, inherent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Thusitha Dayaratne , Viet Vo , Shangqi Lai , Sharif Abuadbba , Blake Haydon , Hajime Suzuki , Xingliang Yuan , Carsten Rudolph