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Existing efforts in building Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents largely rely on the training paradigm of supervised fine-tuning on Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs). However, this approach not only demands extensive amounts of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Run Luo , Lu Wang , Wanwei He , Longze Chen , Jiaming Li , Xiaobo Xia

Generalization is a pivotal challenge for agents following natural language instructions. To approach this goal, we leverage a vision-language model (VLM) for visual grounding and transfer its vision-language knowledge into reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Haobin Jiang , Zongqing Lu

Computer Use Agents (CUAs) fundamentally rely on graphical user interface (GUI) grounding to translate language instructions into executable screen actions, but editing-level grounding in dense coding interfaces (such as VS Code and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Himangi Mittal , Gaurav Mittal , Nelson Daniel Troncoso , Yu Hu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding requires mapping natural language instructions to precise pixel coordinates. However, due to visually homogeneous elements and dense layouts, models typically grasp semantic intent yet struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wenkai Wang , Xiyun Li , Hongcan Guo , Wenhao Yu , Tianqing Fang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu , Shengyu Zhang

Visual dialog is challenging since it needs to answer a series of coherent questions based on understanding the visual environment. How to ground related visual objects is one of the key problems. Previous studies utilize the question and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Feilong Chen , Xiuyi Chen , Can Xu , Daxin Jiang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced rapidly by aligning visual patches with the text embedding space, but a fixed visual-token budget forces images to be resized to a uniform pretraining resolution, often erasing fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zipeng Zhu , Zhanghao Hu , Qinglin Zhu , Yuxi Hong , Yijun Liu , Jingyong Su , Yulan He , Lin Gui

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have emerged as pivotal tools in enhancing human-computer interaction. In this paper we focus on the application of MLLMs in the field of graphical user interface (GUI) elements structuring, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yi Xu , Yesheng Zhang , Jiajia Liu , Jingdong Chen

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents autonomously complete tasks across platforms (\eg, Linux) by sequentially decomposing user instructions into action proposals that iteratively interact with visual elements in the evolving environment.…

We introduce RegionFocus, a visual test-time scaling approach for Vision Language Model Agents. Understanding webpages is challenging due to the visual complexity of GUI images and the large number of interface elements, making accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tiange Luo , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Justin Johnson , Honglak Lee

Large vision-and-language models (VLMs) trained to match images with text on large-scale datasets of image-text pairs have shown impressive generalization ability on several vision and language tasks. Several recent works, however, showed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Navid Rajabi , Jana Kosecka

By combining natural language understanding, generation capabilities, and breadth of knowledge of large language models with image perception, recent large vision language models (LVLMs) have shown unprecedented visual reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Siming Yan , Min Bai , Weifeng Chen , Xiong Zhou , Qixing Huang , Li Erran Li

Video Question Answering (VQA) requires models to reason over spatial, temporal, and causal cues in videos. Recent vision language models (VLMs) achieve strong results but often rely on shallow correlations, leading to weak temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Haodi Ma , Vyom Pathak , Daisy Zhe Wang

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Akshar Tumu , Varad Shinde , Parisa Kordjamshidi

A person's demonstration often serves as a key reference for others learning the same task. However, RGB video, the dominant medium for representing these demonstrations, often fails to capture fine-grained contextual cues such as intent,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Gabriel Sarch , Balasaravanan Thoravi Kumaravel , Sahithya Ravi , Vibhav Vineet , Andrew D. Wilson

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents, driven by Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), have emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling intelligent interaction with digital systems. This paper provides a structured survey of recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jiahao Li , Kaer Huang

GUI grounding, which translates natural language instructions into precise pixel coordinates, is essential for developing practical GUI agents. However, we observe that existing grounding models exhibit significant coordinate prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yunzhu Zhang , Zeyu Pan , Zhengwen Zeng , Shuheng Shen , Changhua Meng , Linchao Zhu

Graphical user interface (GUI) has become integral to modern society, making it crucial to be understood for human-centric systems. However, unlike natural images or documents, GUIs comprise artificially designed graphical elements arranged…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Ziwei Wang , Weizhi Chen , Leyang Yang , Sheng Zhou , Shengchu Zhao , Hanbei Zhan , Jiongchao Jin , Liangcheng Li , Zirui Shao , Jiajun Bu

In the field of multimodal chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, existing approaches predominantly rely on reasoning on pure language space, which inherently suffers from language bias and is largely confined to math or science domains. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jiacong Wang , Zijian Kang , Haochen Wang , Haiyong Jiang , Jiawen Li , Bohong Wu , Ya Wang , Jiao Ran , Xiao Liang , Chao Feng , Jun Xiao

Autonomous agents capable of navigating Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) hold the potential to revolutionize digital productivity. However, achieving true digital autonomy extends beyond reactive element matching; it necessitates a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hongxin Li , Xiping Wang , Jingran Su , Zheng Ju , Yuntao Chen , Qing Li , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Remote Sensing Visual Grounding (RSVG) aims to localize target objects in large-scale aerial imagery based on natural language descriptions. Owing to the vast spatial scale and high semantic ambiguity of remote sensing scenes, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shiqi Huang , Shuting He , Bihan Wen