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Several closed-source LLMs have consistently outperformed open-source alternatives in program repair tasks, primarily due to their superior reasoning capabilities and extensive pre-training. This paper introduces Repairity, a novel…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Xunzhu Tang , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Fault Localization (FL) is a critical step in Automated Program Repair (APR), and its importance has increased with the rise of Large Language Model (LLM)-based repair agents. In realistic project-level repair scenarios, software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Melika Sepidband , Hamed Taherkhani , Hung Viet Pham , Hadi Hemmati

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly capable and widely adopted, benchmarks play a central role in assessing their practical utility. For example, SWE-Bench Verified has emerged as a critical benchmark for evaluating LLMs'…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shanchao Liang , Spandan Garg , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

Large language models (LLMs) serve as an active and promising field of generative artificial intelligence and have demonstrated abilities to perform complex tasks in multiple domains, including mathematical and scientific reasoning. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ao Cheng , Lei Zhang , Guowei He

Bug localization remains a key bottleneck in downstream software maintenance tasks, including root cause analysis, triage, and automated program repair (APR), despite recent advances in large language model (LLM)-based repair systems.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Md Afif Al Mamun , Gias Uddin

Recent advances in language model (LM) agents and function calling have enabled autonomous, feedback-driven systems to solve problems across various digital domains. To better understand the unique limitations of LM agents, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Dhruv Gautam , Spandan Garg , Jinu Jang , Neel Sundaresan , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong performance on self-contained programming tasks. However, they still struggle with repository-level software engineering (SWE), which demands (1) deep codebase navigation with effective context…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kang He , Kaushik Roy

Software testing is crucial for ensuring the correctness and reliability of software systems. Automated generation of issue reproduction tests from natural language issue descriptions enhances developer productivity by simplifying root…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Aditya Bharat Soni , Rajat Ghosh , Vaishnavi Bhargava , Valerie Chen , Debojyoti Dutta

Understanding large software systems is a challenging task, especially when code is distributed across multiple repositories and microservices. Developers often need to reason not only about the structure of the code, but also about its…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Niko Usai , Dario Montagnini , Kristian Ilianov Iliev , Raffaele Camanzo

Rapidly increasing context lengths have led to the assumption that large language models (LLMs) can directly reason over entire codebases. Concurrently, recent advances in LLMs have enabled strong performance on software engineering…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ravi Raju , Mengmeng Ji , Shubhangi Upasani , Bo Li , Urmish Thakker

Recent developments in Large Language Model (LLM) agents are revolutionizing Autonomous Software Engineering (ASE), enabling automated coding, problem fixes, and feature improvements. However, localization -- precisely identifying software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Zhongming Yu , Hejia Zhang , Yujie Zhao , Hanxian Huang , Matrix Yao , Ke Ding , Jishen Zhao

Benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) have predominantly assessed short-horizon, localized reasoning. Existing long-horizon suites (e.g. SWE-bench) rely on manually curated issues, so expanding or tuning difficulty demands expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Kaivalya Hariharan , Uzay Girit , Atticus Wang , Jacob Andreas

Large language models suffer from knowledge staleness and lack of interpretability due to implicit knowledge storage across entangled network parameters, preventing targeted updates and reasoning transparency. We propose ExplicitLM, a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chengzhang Yu , Zening Lu , Chenyang Zheng , Chiyue Wang , Yiming Zhang , Zhanpeng Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in handling complex tasks requiring both extensive knowledge and reasoning abilities. However, the existing LLM inference pipeline operates as an opaque process without…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Mingyu Jin , Weidi Luo , Sitao Cheng , Xinyi Wang , Wenyue Hua , Ruixiang Tang , William Yang Wang , Yongfeng Zhang

As modern microservice systems grow increasingly complex due to dynamic interactions and evolving runtime environments, they experience failures with rising frequency. Ensuring system reliability therefore critically depends on accurate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Kangjin Wang , Chiming Duan , Minghua He , Rongqian Wang , Xi Peng , Meiling Wang , Gong Zhang , Renhai Chen , Ying Li

Language models have been applied to various software development tasks, but the performance varies according to the scale of the models. Large Language Models (LLMs) outperform Small Language Models (SLMs) in complex tasks like…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zexiong Ma , Shengnan An , Zeqi Lin , Yanzhen Zou , Bing Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in leveraging comprehensive world knowledge and sophisticated reasoning mechanisms for recommendation tasks. However, a notable limitation lies in their inability to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zihan Wang , Jinghao Lin , Xiaocui Yang , Yongkang Liu , Shi Feng , Daling Wang , Yifei Zhang

Issue resolution has made remarkable progress thanks to the advanced reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recently, agent-based frameworks such as SWE-agent have further advanced this progress by enabling autonomous,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Han Li , Yuling Shi , Shaoxin Lin , Xiaodong Gu , Heng Lian , Xin Wang , Yantao Jia , Tao Huang , Qianxiang Wang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly employed to automate complex software engineering tasks, such as program repair and issue resolution. These agents operate by autonomously generating natural language thoughts,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Islem Bouzenia , Michael Pradel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency across a variety of complex tasks. One significant application of LLMs is in tackling software engineering challenges, particularly in resolving real-world tasks on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Chengxing Xie , Bowen Li , Chang Gao , He Du , Wai Lam , Difan Zou , Kai Chen