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As machine learning models are increasingly being employed to make consequential decisions in real-world settings, it becomes critical to ensure that individuals who are adversely impacted (e.g., loan denied) by the predictions of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Martin Pawelczyk , Teresa Datta , Johannes van-den-Heuvel , Gjergji Kasneci , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Algorithmic recourse provides individuals who receive undesirable outcomes from machine learning systems with minimum-cost improvements to achieve a desirable outcome. However, machine learning models often get updated, so the recourse may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Kshitij Kayastha , Vasilis Gkatzelis , Shahin Jabbari

As predictive models are increasingly being deployed in high-stakes decision making (e.g., loan approvals), there has been growing interest in post hoc techniques which provide recourse to affected individuals. These techniques generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Sohini Upadhyay , Shalmali Joshi , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Algorithmic recourse seeks to provide actionable recommendations for individuals to overcome unfavorable classification outcomes from automated decision-making systems. Recourse recommendations should ideally be robust to reasonably small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Ricardo Dominguez-Olmedo , Amir-Hossein Karimi , Bernhard Schölkopf

A recourse action aims to explain a particular algorithmic decision by showing one specific way in which the instance could be modified to receive an alternate outcome. Existing recourse generation methods often assume that the machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Duy Nguyen , Ngoc Bui , Viet Anh Nguyen

Algorithmic recourse seeks to provide individuals with actionable recommendations that increase their chances of receiving favorable outcomes from automated decision systems (e.g., loan approvals). While prior research has emphasized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Marina Ceccon , Alessandro Fabris , Goran Radanović , Asia J. Biega , Gian Antonio Susto

Machine learning models now influence decisions that directly affect people's lives, making it important to understand not only their predictions, but also how individuals could act to obtain better results. Algorithmic recourse provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Bohdan Turbal , Iryna Voitsitska , Lesia Semenova

Algorithmic recourse aims to recommend an informative feedback to overturn an unfavorable machine learning decision. We introduce in this paper the Bayesian recourse, a model-agnostic recourse that minimizes the posterior probability odds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Tuan-Duy H. Nguyen , Ngoc Bui , Duy Nguyen , Man-Chung Yue , Viet Anh Nguyen

As predictive models are increasingly being deployed to make a variety of consequential decisions, there is a growing emphasis on designing algorithms that can provide recourse to affected individuals. Existing recourse algorithms function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Kaivalya Rawal , Ece Kamar , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Machine learning models are increasingly used to automate decisions that affect humans - deciding who should receive a loan, a job interview, or a social service. In such applications, a person should have the ability to change the decision…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-12 Berk Ustun , Alexander Spangher , Yang Liu

In decision-making systems, algorithmic recourse aims to identify minimal-cost actions to alter an individual features, thereby obtaining a desired outcome. This empowers individuals to understand, question, or alter decisions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Wen-Ling Chen , Hong-Chang Huang , Kai-Hung Lin , Shang-Wei Hwang , Hao-Tsung Yang

Machine learning based decision making systems are increasingly affecting humans. An individual can suffer an undesirable outcome under such decision making systems (e.g. denied credit) irrespective of whether the decision is fair or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Shalmali Joshi , Oluwasanmi Koyejo , Warut Vijitbenjaronk , Been Kim , Joydeep Ghosh

In this paper, we consider an adaptive approach to address optimization problems with uncertain cost parameters. Here, the decision maker selects an initial decision, observes the realization of the uncertain cost parameters, and then is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-12-17 Ebrahim Nasrabadi , James B. Orlin

Algorithmic recourse emerges as a prominent technique to promote the explainability, transparency, and ethics of machine learning models. Existing algorithmic recourse approaches often assume an invariant predictive model; however, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Ngoc Bui , Duy Nguyen , Man-Chung Yue , Viet Anh Nguyen

The rise in machine learning-assisted decision-making has led to concerns about the fairness of the decisions and techniques to mitigate problems of discrimination. If a negative decision is made about an individual (denying a loan,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Vivek Gupta , Pegah Nokhiz , Chitradeep Dutta Roy , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

Algorithmic recourse aims to disclose the inner workings of the black-box decision process in situations where decisions have significant consequences, by providing recommendations to empower beneficiaries to achieve a more favorable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Ahmad-Reza Ehyaei , Amir-Hossein Karimi , Bernhard Schölkopf , Setareh Maghsudi

Decision makers are increasingly relying on machine learning in sensitive situations. Algorithmic recourse aims to provide individuals with actionable and minimally costly steps to reverse unfavorable AI-driven decisions. While existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zahra Khotanlou , Kate Larson , Amir-Hossein Karimi

Machine learning based predictions are increasingly used in sensitive decision-making applications that directly affect our lives. This has led to extensive research into ensuring the fairness of classifiers. Beyond just fair…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ainhize Barrainkua , Giovanni De Toni , Jose Antonio Lozano , Novi Quadrianto

With the growing use of machine learning (ML) models in critical domains such as finance and healthcare, the need to offer recourse for those adversely affected by the decisions of ML models has become more important; individuals ought to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Haochen Wu , Shubham Sharma , Sunandita Patra , Sriram Gopalakrishnan

Algorithmic recourse aims to provide actionable recommendations to individuals to obtain a more favourable outcome from an automated decision-making system. As it involves reasoning about interventions performed in the physical world,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-23 Julius von Kügelgen , Nikita Agarwal , Jakob Zeitler , Afsaneh Mastouri , Bernhard Schölkopf
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