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Building general-purpose graphical user interface (GUI) agents has become increasingly promising with the progress in vision language models. However, developing effective mobile GUI agents with reinforcement learning (RL) remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yifan Xu , Xiao Liu , Xinghan Liu , Jiaqi Fu , Hanchen Zhang , Bohao Jing , Shudan Zhang , Yuting Wang , Wenyi Zhao , Yuxiao Dong

Through multi-agent competition and the sparse high-level objective of winning a race, we find that both agile flight (e.g., high-speed motion pushing the platform to its physical limits) and strategy (e.g., overtaking or blocking) emerge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Vineet Pasumarti , Lorenzo Bianchi , Antonio Loquercio

We consider an active visual exploration scenario, where an agent must intelligently select its camera motions to efficiently reconstruct the full environment from only a limited set of narrow field-of-view glimpses. While the agent has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Santhosh K. Ramakrishnan , Kristen Grauman

Robotic simulators are crucial for academic research and education as well as the development of safety-critical applications. Reinforcement learning environments -- simple simulations coupled with a problem specification in the form of a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Jacopo Panerati , Hehui Zheng , SiQi Zhou , James Xu , Amanda Prorok , Angela P. Schoellig

In graph-structured multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) adversarial tasks such as pursuit and confrontation, agents must coordinate under highly dynamic interactions, where sparse rewards hinder efficient policy learning. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ruochuan Shi , Runyu Lu , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao

In recent times, reinforcement learning has produced baffling results when it comes to performing control tasks with highly non-linear systems. The impressive results always outweigh the potential vulnerabilities or uncertainties associated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Arshad Javeed

CybORG++ is an advanced toolkit for reinforcement learning research focused on network defence. Building on the CAGE 2 CybORG environment, it introduces key improvements, including enhanced debugging capabilities, refined agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Harry Emerson , Liz Bates , Chris Hicks , Vasilios Mavroudis

Offline reinforcement learning enables sample-efficient policy acquisition without risky online interaction, yet policies trained on static datasets remain brittle under action-space perturbations such as actuator faults. This study…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Shingo Ayabe , Hiroshi Kera , Kazuhiko Kawamoto

Model-free reinforcement learning based methods such as Proximal Policy Optimization, or Q-learning typically require thousands of interactions with the environment to approximate the optimum controller which may not always be feasible in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Narendra Patwardhan , Zequn Wang

Several variants of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) have been proposed to improve the learning effectiveness and efficiency when training deep neural networks, among which some recent influential attempts would like to adaptively control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Jie Liu , Chen Lin , Chuming Li , Lu Sheng , Ming Sun , Junjie Yan , Wanli Ouyang

Effective decision-making in partially observable environments demands robust memory management. Despite their success in supervised learning, current deep-learning memory models struggle in reinforcement learning environments that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Hung Le , Kien Do , Dung Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh

Reinforcement learning for embodied agents is a challenging problem. The accumulated reward to be optimized is often a very rugged function, and gradient methods are impaired by many local optimizers. We demonstrate, in an experimental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-01 Guido Montufar , Keyan Ghazi-Zahedi , Nihat Ay

Tool-augmented large language models (LLMs), hereafter LLM agents, leverage external tools to solve diverse tasks and interface with the real world. However, current training practices largely rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Weihua Du , Hailei Gong , Zhan Ling , Kang Liu , Lingfeng Shen , Xuesong Yao , Yufei Xu , Dingyuan Shi , Yiming Yang , Jiecao Chen

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has traditionally focused on training specialized agents to optimize predefined reward functions within narrowly defined environments. However, the advent of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) and increasingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Fangming Cui , Ruixiao Zhu , Cheng Fang , Sunan Li , Jiahong Li

Investors and regulators can greatly benefit from a realistic market simulator that enables them to anticipate the consequences of their decisions in real markets. However, traditional rule-based market simulators often fall short in…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-04-01 Zhiyuan Yao , Zheng Li , Matthew Thomas , Ionut Florescu

Multi-agent systems often operate under feedback, adaptation, and non-stationarity, yet many simulation studies retain static decision rules and fixed control parameters. This paper introduces a general adaptive multi-agent learning…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Roberto Garrone

Simulated virtual environments serve as one of the main driving forces behind developing and evaluating skill learning algorithms. However, existing environments typically only simulate rigid body physics. Additionally, the simulation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Zhiao Huang , Yuanming Hu , Tao Du , Siyuan Zhou , Hao Su , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Chuang Gan

Combining quantum computing techniques in the form of amplitude amplification with classical reinforcement learning has led to the so-called "hybrid agent for quantum-accessible reinforcement learning", which achieves a quadratic speedup in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-03 Oliver Sefrin , Manuel Radons , Lars Simon , Sabine Wölk

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning and scalable photorealistic simulation have led to increasingly mature embodied AI for various visual tasks, including navigation. However, while impressive progress has been made for teaching…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Naoki Yokoyama , Qian Luo , Dhruv Batra , Sehoon Ha

TinyML has made deploying deep learning models on low-power edge devices feasible, creating new opportunities for real-time perception in constrained environments. However, the adaptability of such deep learning methods remains limited to…