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Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly employed to interact with external environments (e.g., games, APIs, world models) to solve user-provided tasks. However, current frameworks often lack the ability to collaborate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Vardhan Dongre , Xiaocheng Yang , Emre Can Acikgoz , Suvodip Dey , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in traditional natural language processing tasks but struggle with problems that require complex domain-specific calculations or simulations. While equipping LLMs with external tools to build LLM-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Bohan Lyu , Xin Cong , Heyang Yu , Pan Yang , Yujia Qin , Yining Ye , Yaxi Lu , Zhong Zhang , Yukun Yan , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external, domain-specific data into the generative process. While LLMs are highly capable, they often rely on static, pre-trained datasets, limiting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Aniruddha Salve , Saba Attar , Mahesh Deshmukh , Sayali Shivpuje , Arnab Mitra Utsab

Despite the potential of language model-based agents to solve real-world tasks such as web navigation, current methods still struggle with long-horizon tasks with complex action trajectories. In contrast, humans can flexibly solve complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Zora Zhiruo Wang , Jiayuan Mao , Daniel Fried , Graham Neubig

LLM-driven GUI agents are increasingly used in production systems to automate workflows and simulate users for evaluation and optimization. Yet most GUI-agent evaluations emphasize task success and provide limited evidence on whether agents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Maria Movin , Claudia Hauff , Aron Henriksson , Panagiotis Papapetrou

Autonomous inspection systems are essential for ensuring the performance and longevity of industrial assets. Recently, agentic frameworks have demonstrated significant potential for automating inspection workflows but have been limited to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Ethan Herron , Xian Yeow Lee , Gregory Sin , Teresa Gonzalez Diaz , Ahmed Farahat , Chetan Gupta

In the realm of microservices architecture, the occurrence of frequent incidents necessitates the employment of Root Cause Analysis (RCA) for swift issue resolution. It is common that a serious incident can take several domain experts hours…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Changhua Pei , Zexin Wang , Fengrui Liu , Zeyan Li , Yang Liu , Xiao He , Rong Kang , Tieying Zhang , Jianjun Chen , Jianhui Li , Gaogang Xie , Dan Pei

LLM-based multimodal emotion recognition relies on static parametric memory and often hallucinates when interpreting nuanced affective states. In this paper, given that single-round retrieval-augmented generation is highly susceptible to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zeheng Wang , Zitong Yu , Yijie Zhu , Bo Zhao , Haochen Liang , Taorui Wang , Wei Xia , Jiayu Zhang , Zhishu Liu , Hui Ma , Fei Ma , Qi Tian

Recent advances in LLM Multi-Agent Systems enable scalable orchestration of sub-agents, each coordinating hundreds or thousands of tools or Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers. However, existing retrieval methods typically match queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Elias Lumer , Faheem Nizar , Anmol Gulati , Pradeep Honaganahalli Basavaraju , Vamse Kumar Subbiah

Multi-agent interacting systems are prevalent in the world, from pure physical systems to complicated social dynamic systems. In many applications, effective understanding of the situation and accurate trajectory prediction of interactive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Jiachen Li , Fan Yang , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Chiho Choi

Video understanding requires active evidence seeking, motivating tool-augmented video agents for temporal reasoning, cross-modal understanding, and complex question answering. Existing video agents have improved video reasoning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xiao Liu , Nayu Liu , Junnan Zhu , Ruirui Chen , Guohui Xiang , Changjian Wang , Kaiwen Wei , Rongzhen Li , Jiang Zhong

State-of-the-art multimodal web agents, powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), can autonomously execute many web tasks by processing user instructions and interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Current strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Gaurav Verma , Rachneet Kaur , Nishan Srishankar , Zhen Zeng , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved better generalization and sample efficiency in autonomous web automation. However, the performance on real-world websites has still suffered from (1) open domainness, (2)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Izzeddin Gur , Hiroki Furuta , Austin Huang , Mustafa Safdari , Yutaka Matsuo , Douglas Eck , Aleksandra Faust

The dominant paradigm of monolithic scaling in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is failing for understanding and reasoning in documents, yielding diminishing returns as it struggles with the inherent need of this domain for document-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xinlei Yu , Chengming Xu , Zhangquan Chen , Yudong Zhang , Shilin Lu , Cheng Yang , Jiangning Zhang , Shuicheng Yan , Xiaobin Hu

Real-world multimodal agents solve multi-step workflows grounded in visual evidence. For example, an agent can troubleshoot a device by linking a wiring photo to a schematic and validating the fix with online documentation, or plan a trip…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhaochen Su , Jincheng Gao , Hangyu Guo , Zhenhua Liu , Lueyang Zhang , Xinyu Geng , Shijue Huang , Peng Xia , Guanyu Jiang , Cheng Wang , Yue Zhang , Yi R. Fung , Junxian He

Multimodal large-scale models have significantly advanced the development of web agents, enabling perception and interaction with digital environments akin to human cognition. In this paper, we argue that web agents must first acquire…

Access to justice remains a global challenge, with many citizens still finding it difficult to seek help from the justice system when facing legal issues. Although the internet provides abundant legal information and services, navigating…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jinzhe Tan , Karim Benyekhlef

Despite advances in multimodal large language models, autonomous web agents still struggle to reliably execute long-horizon tasks on complex and dynamic web interfaces. Existing agents often suffer from inaccurate element grounding, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Aiden Yiliu Li , Xinyue Hao , Shilong Liu , Mengdi Wang

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents have shown promise in automating mobile tasks but still struggle with input redundancy and decision ambiguity. In this paper, we present \textbf{RecAgent}, an uncertainty-aware agent that addresses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Chao Hao , Shuai Wang , Kaiwen Zhou

Mobile device operation tasks are increasingly becoming a popular multi-modal AI application scenario. Current Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), constrained by their training data, lack the capability to function effectively as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Junyang Wang , Haiyang Xu , Haitao Jia , Xi Zhang , Ming Yan , Weizhou Shen , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Jitao Sang
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