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Understanding how spontaneous brain activity relates to stimulus-driven neural responses is a fundamental challenge in cognitive neuroscience. While task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) captures localized stimulus-evoked…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-18 Chuyang Zhou , Ziao Ji , Daochang Liu , Dongang Wang , Chenyu Wang , Chang Xu

Tracking microsctructural changes in the developing brain relies on accurate inter-subject image registration. However, most methods rely on either structural or diffusion data to learn the spatial correspondences between two or more…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-15 Irina Grigorescu , Alena Uus , Daan Christiaens , Lucilio Cordero-Grande , Jana Hutter , A. David Edwards , Joseph V. Hajnal , Marc Modat , Maria Deprez

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become one of the most common imaging modalities for brain function analysis. Recently, graph neural networks (GNN) have been adopted for fMRI analysis with superior performance.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-02 Yue Yu , Xuan Kan , Hejie Cui , Ran Xu , Yujia Zheng , Xiangchen Song , Yanqiao Zhu , Kun Zhang , Razieh Nabi , Ying Guo , Chao Zhang , Carl Yang

Deep neural networks have brought remarkable breakthroughs in medical image analysis. However, due to their data-hungry nature, the modest dataset sizes in medical imaging projects might be hindering their full potential. Generating…

The auditory pathway is widely distributed throughout the brain, and is perhaps one of the most interesting networks in the context of neuroplasticity. Accurate mapping of neural activity in the entire pathway, preferably noninvasively, and…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-03-21 Guilherme Blazquez Freches , Cristina Chavarrias , Noam Shemesh

Investigating neural activity from a global brain perspective in-vivo has been in the domain of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) over the past few decades. The intricate neurovascular couplings that govern fMRI's…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-03-20 Daniel Nunes , Andrada Ianus , Noam Shemesh

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a powerful medical imaging modality, but unfortunately suffers from long scan times which, aside from increasing operational costs, can lead to image artifacts due to patient motion. Motion during the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-02 Brett Levac , Sidharth Kumar , Ajil Jalal , Jonathan I. Tamir

Understanding how the brain encodes external stimuli and how these stimuli can be decoded from the measured brain activities are long-standing and challenging questions in neuroscience. In this paper, we focus on reconstructing the complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-05 Sikun Lin , Thomas Sprague , Ambuj K Singh

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently emerged as SoTA tools for generative modeling in various domains. Standard DMs can be viewed as an instantiation of hierarchical variational autoencoders (VAEs) where the latent variables are inferred…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Jiatao Gu , Shuangfei Zhai , Yizhe Zhang , Miguel Angel Bautista , Josh Susskind

fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) visual decoding involves decoding the original image from brain signals elicited by visual stimuli. This often relies on manually labeled ROIs (Regions of Interest) to select brain voxels.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Ziyu Wang , Tengyu Pan , Zhenyu Li , Ji Wu , Xiuxing Li , Jianyong Wang

Longitudinal brain analysis is essential for understanding healthy aging and identifying pathological deviations. Longitudinal registration of sequential brain MRI underpins such analyses. However, existing methods are limited by reliance…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Bailiang Jian , Jiazhen Pan , Yitong Li , Fabian Bongratz , Ruochen Li , Daniel Rueckert , Benedikt Wiestler , Christian Wachinger

The development of foundation models for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series holds significant promise for predicting phenotypes related to disease and cognition. Current models, however, are often trained using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Sam Gijsen , Marc-Andre Schulz , Kerstin Ritter

Interactions between the brain and body are of fundamental importance for human behavior and health. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) captures whole-brain activity noninvasively, and modeling how fMRI signals interact with…

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is a critical imaging method for capturing and modeling tissue microarchitecture at a millimeter scale. A common practice to model the measured DW-MRI signal is via fiber orientation…

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress on image-to-video (I2V) generation, while their noise-to-data generation process is inherently mismatched with this task, which may lead to suboptimal synthesis quality. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yuji Wang , Zehua Chen , Xiaoyu Chen , Yixiang Wei , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques have contributed significantly to our understanding of brain function. Current methods are based on the analysis of \emph{gradual and continuous} changes in the brain blood oxygenated…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2011-07-25 Enzo Tagliazucchi , Pablo Balenzuela , Daniel Fraiman , Dante R. Chialvo

Capturing dynamic spatiotemporal neural activity is essential for understanding large-scale brain mechanisms. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides high-resolution cortical representations that form a strong basis for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Wanying Qu , Jianxiong Gao , Wei Wang , Yanwei Fu

Accurate brain tumor diagnosis relies on the assessment of multiple Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) sequences. However, in clinical practice, the acquisition of certain sequences may be affected by factors like motion artifacts or contrast…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-30 Moinak Bhattacharya , Saumya Gupta , Annie Singh , Chao Chen , Gagandeep Singh , Prateek Prasanna

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data is a widely used kind of four-dimensional biomedical data, which requires effective compression. However, fMRI compressing poses unique challenges due to its intricate temporal dynamics, low…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-01 Ruoran Li , Runzhao Yang , Wenxin Xiang , Yuxiao Cheng , Tingxiong Xiao , Jinli Suo

Low-field to high-field MRI synthesis has emerged as a cost-effective strategy to enhance image quality under hardware and acquisition constraints, particularly in scenarios where access to high-field scanners is limited or impractical.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Zhenxuan Zhang , Peiyuan Jing , Ruicheng Yuan , Liwei Hu , Anbang Wang , Fanwen Wang , Yinzhe Wu , Kh Tohidul Islam , Zhaolin Chen , Zi Wang , Peter Lally , Guang Yang