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As Large Language Models (LLMs) push the boundaries of AI capabilities, their demand for data is growing. Much of this data is private and distributed across edge devices, making Federated Learning (FL) a de-facto alternative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hanzi Mei , Dongqi Cai , Ao Zhou , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

Federated Continual Learning (FCL) has emerged as a robust solution for collaborative model training in dynamic environments, where data samples are continuously generated and distributed across multiple devices. This survey provides a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Parisa Hamedi , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Ehsan Hallaji

Federated Learning (FL) is designed as a decentralized, privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing their data. In real-world scenarios, however, clients often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Maulidi Adi Prasetia , Muhamad Risqi U. Saputra , Guntur Dharma Putra

Federated learning enables machine learning models to learn from private decentralized data without compromising privacy. The standard formulation of federated learning produces one shared model for all clients. Statistical heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Viraj Kulkarni , Milind Kulkarni , Aniruddha Pant

The reliance of language model training on massive amounts of computation and vast datasets scraped from potentially low-quality, copyrighted, or sensitive data has come into question practically, legally, and ethically. Federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Alex Iacob , Lorenzo Sani , Bill Marino , Preslav Aleksandrov , William F. Shen , Nicholas Donald Lane

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning paradigm in which multiple clients collaboratively train a shared model without sharing their local private data. However, real-world applications of FL frequently encounter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zhekai Zhou , Shudong Liu , Zhaokun Zhou , Yang Liu , Qiang Yang , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo

Federated Learning (FL) aims to learn a single global model that enables the central server to help the model training in local clients without accessing their local data. The key challenge of FL is the heterogeneity of local data in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Sicong Liang , Junchao Tian , Shujun Yang , Yu Zhang

This dissertation investigates privacy-preserving federated learning for Alzheimer's disease classification using three-dimensional MRI data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Existing methodologies often suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Tin Hoang

Federated Learning provides a privacy-preserving paradigm for distributed learning, but suffers from statistical heterogeneity across clients. Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) mitigates this issue by considering client-specific models.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Ala Emrani , Amir Najafi , Abolfazl Motahari

Conventional federated learning (FL) frameworks often suffer from training degradation due to data uncertainty and heterogeneity across local clients. Probabilistic approaches such as Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) can mitigate this issue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ratun Rahman , Dinh C. Nguyen

Standard federated learning approaches suffer when client data distributions have sufficient heterogeneity. Recent methods addressed the client data heterogeneity issue via personalized federated learning (PFL) - a class of FL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Rishub Tamirisa , Chulin Xie , Wenxuan Bao , Andy Zhou , Ron Arel , Aviv Shamsian

Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated considerable potential in the realm of medical imaging. However, the development of high-performance AI models typically necessitates training on large-scale, centralized datasets. This approach…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Mengyu Sun , Ziyuan Yang , Yongqiang Huang , Hui Yu , Yingyu Chen , Shuren Qi , Andrew Beng Jin Teoh , Yi Zhang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as the predominant approach for collaborative training of neural network models across multiple users, without the need to gather the data at a central location. One of the important challenges in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Matthias Reisser , Christos Louizos , Efstratios Gavves , Max Welling

Machine learning in medical research, by nature, needs careful attention on obeying the regulations of data privacy, making it difficult to train a machine learning model over gathered data from different medical centers. Failure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Jun Luo , Shandong Wu

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning framework that leverages commonalities between distributed client datasets to train a global model. Under heterogeneous clients, however, FL can fail to produce stable training results.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Connor J. Mclaughlin , Lili Su

Heterogeneous federated learning (HFL) aims to ensure effective and privacy-preserving collaboration among different entities. As newly joined clients require significant adjustments and additional training to align with the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Kaile Wang , Jiannong Cao , Yu Yang , Xiaoyin Li , Mingjin Zhang

Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative model training without direct data sharing. Model-heterogeneous FL (MHFL) extends this paradigm by allowing clients to train personalized models with heterogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ziqiao Weng , Weidong Cai , Bo Zhou

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized clients without sharing local data, but is challenged by heterogeneity in data, computation, and communication. Pretrained vision-language models (VLMs), with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Yuguang Zhang , Kuangpu Guo , Zhihe Lu , Yunbo Wang , Jian Liang

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine-learning approach enabling collaborative model training across multiple decentralized edge devices that hold local data samples, all without exchanging these samples. This collaborative process occurs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Venkataraman Natarajan Iyer

Federated learning enables multiple clients (institutions) to collaboratively train machine learning models without sharing their private data. To address the challenge of data heterogeneity across clients, personalized federated learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Meilu Zhu , Yuxing Li , Zhiwei Wang , Edmund Y. Lam