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Reinforcement Learning (RL) bears the promise of being a game-changer in many applications. However, since most of the literature in the field is currently focused on opaque models, the use of RL in high-stakes scenarios, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

In robotic manipulation, acquiring samples is extremely expensive because it often requires interacting with the real world. Traditional image-level data augmentation has shown the potential to improve sample efficiency in various machine…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Mingxi Jia , Dian Wang , Guanang Su , David Klee , Xupeng Zhu , Robin Walters , Robert Platt

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning and multi-turn interactions but struggle to continuously improve and adapt when deployed in new environments. One promising approach is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jiongxiao Wang , Qiaojing Yan , Yawei Wang , Yijun Tian , Soumya Smruti Mishra , Zhichao Xu , Megha Gandhi , Panpan Xu , Lin Lee Cheong

Pretraining on human corpus and then finetuning in a simulator has become a standard pipeline for training a goal-oriented dialogue agent. Nevertheless, as soon as the agents are finetuned to maximize task completion, they suffer from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Yuchen Lu , Soumye Singhal , Florian Strub , Olivier Pietquin , Aaron Courville

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) aims to learn new classes sequentially while retaining the knowledge of previously learned classes. Recently, pre-trained models (PTMs) combined with parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jiangpeng He , Zhihao Duan , Fengqing Zhu

In-Context Learning (ICL) allows Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt to new tasks with just a few examples, but their predictions often suffer from systematic biases, leading to unstable performance in classification. While calibration…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-05 Korel Gundem , Juncheng Dong , Dennis Zhang , Vahid Tarokh , Zhengling Qi

Adversarial Imitation Learning (AIL) is a broad family of imitation learning methods designed to mimic expert behaviors from demonstrations. While AIL has shown state-of-the-art performance on imitation learning with only small number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Ruohan Wang , Carlo Ciliberto , Pierluigi Amadori , Yiannis Demiris

Imitation learning (IL) and reinforcement learning (RL) each offer distinct advantages for robotics policy learning: IL provides stable learning from demonstrations, and RL promotes generalization through exploration. While existing robot…

Imitation learning (IL) consists of a set of tools that leverage expert demonstrations to quickly learn policies. However, if the expert is suboptimal, IL can yield policies with inferior performance compared to reinforcement learning (RL).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Ching-An Cheng , Xinyan Yan , Nolan Wagener , Byron Boots

A self-learning adaptive system (SLAS) uses machine learning to enable and enhance its adaptability. Such systems are expected to perform well in dynamic situations. For learning high-performance adaptation policy, some assumptions must be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Mingyue Zhang , Jialong Li , Haiyan Zhao , Kenji Tei , Shinichi Honiden , Zhi Jin

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance human capabilities, assisting with digital tasks from sending emails to performing data analysis. The abilities of existing LLMs at such tasks are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Hongjin Su , Ruoxi Sun , Jinsung Yoon , Pengcheng Yin , Tao Yu , Sercan Ö. Arık

Unsupervised skill discovery carries the promise that an intelligent agent can learn reusable skills through autonomous, reward-free environment interaction. Existing unsupervised skill discovery methods learn skills by encouraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zizhao Wang , Jiaheng Hu , Caleb Chuck , Stephen Chen , Roberto Martín-Martín , Amy Zhang , Scott Niekum , Peter Stone

Continual Learning (CL) is a powerful tool that enables agents to learn a sequence of tasks, accumulating knowledge learned in the past and using it for problem-solving or future task learning. However, existing CL methods often assume that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Chaofan Pan , Jiafen Liu , Yanhua Li , Linbo Xiong , Fan Min , Wei Wei , Xin Yang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in various decision-making tasks of machine learning provides effective results with an agent learning from a stand-alone reward function. However, it presents unique challenges with large amounts of environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Neda Navidi

Recent advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) allow agents to coordinate their behaviors in complex environments. However, common MARL algorithms still suffer from scalability and sparse reward issues. One promising approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Rundong Wang , Longtao Zheng , Wei Qiu , Bowei He , Bo An , Zinovi Rabinovich , Yujing Hu , Yingfeng Chen , Tangjie Lv , Changjie Fan

Foundation model-driven agents often struggle with long-horizon planning due to the transient nature of purely prompting-based reasoning. While existing skill induction methods mitigate this by distilling experience into state-blind…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jie-Jing Shao , Haiyan Yin , Yueming Lyu , Xingrui Yu , Lan-Zhe Guo , Ivor Tsang , James Kwok , Yu-Feng Li

Imitation learning (IL) is a popular approach in the continuous control setting as among other reasons it circumvents the problems of reward mis-specification and exploration in reinforcement learning (RL). In IL from demonstrations, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Sapana Chaudhary , Balaraman Ravindran

Self-imitation learning is a Reinforcement Learning (RL) method that encourages actions whose returns were higher than expected, which helps in hard exploration and sparse reward problems. It was shown to improve the performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Johan Ferret , Olivier Pietquin , Matthieu Geist

Biological agents learn and act intelligently in spite of a highly limited capacity to process and store information. Many real-world problems involve continuous control, which represents a difficult task for artificial intelligence agents.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Tailia Malloy , Chris R. Sims , Tim Klinger , Miao Liu , Matthew Riemer , Gerald Tesauro

To quickly solve new tasks in complex environments, intelligent agents need to build up reusable knowledge. For example, a learned world model captures knowledge about the environment that applies to new tasks. Similarly, skills capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Kevin Xie , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Danijar Hafner , Animesh Garg , Florian Shkurti