English
Related papers

Related papers: Statistical Inference Leveraging Synthetic Data wi…

200 papers

Given two sets of elements (such as cell types and drug compounds), researchers typically only have access to a limited subset of their interactions. The task of causal imputation involves using this subset to predict unobserved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Marco Jiralerspong , Thomas Jiralerspong , Vedant Shah , Dhanya Sridhar , Gauthier Gidel

The Apache Spark stack has enabled fast large-scale data processing. Despite a rich library of statistical models and inference algorithms, it does not give domain users the ability to develop their own models. The emergence of…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Zhuoyue Zhao , Jialing Pei , Eric Lo , Kenny Q. Zhu , Chris Liu

Many machine learning models perform well when making predictions within the training data range, but often struggle when required to extrapolate beyond it. Symbolic regression (SR) using genetic programming (GP) can generate flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Fitria Wulandari Ramlan , Colm O'Riordan , Gabriel Kronberger , James McDermott

Prediction-powered inference is a framework for performing valid statistical inference when an experimental dataset is supplemented with predictions from a machine-learning system. The framework yields simple algorithms for computing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-10 Anastasios N. Angelopoulos , Stephen Bates , Clara Fannjiang , Michael I. Jordan , Tijana Zrnic

This paper introduces a novel Perturbation-Assisted Inference (PAI) framework utilizing synthetic data generated by the Perturbation-Assisted Sample Synthesis (PASS) method. The framework focuses on uncertainty quantification in complex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-15 Yifei Liu , Rex Shen , Xiaotong Shen

In this extended abstract, we discuss the opportunity to formally verify that inference systems for probabilistic programming guarantee good performance. In particular, we focus on hybrid inference systems that combine exact and approximate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Eric Atkinson , Ellie Y. Cheng , Guillaume Baudart , Louis Mandel , Michael Carbin

Generating synthetic data, with or without differential privacy, has attracted significant attention as a potential solution to the dilemma between making data easily available, and the privacy of data subjects. Several works have shown…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-01 Ossi Räisä , Joonas Jälkö , Antti Honkela

Prediction-powered inference (PPI) is a method that improves statistical estimates based on limited human-labeled data. PPI achieves this by combining small amounts of human-labeled data with larger amounts of data labeled by a reasonably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Adam Fisch , Joshua Maynez , R. Alex Hofer , Bhuwan Dhingra , Amir Globerson , William W. Cohen

We introduce new inference procedures for counterfactual and synthetic control methods for policy evaluation. We recast the causal inference problem as a counterfactual prediction and a structural breaks testing problem. This allows us to…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-01-26 Victor Chernozhukov , Kaspar Wüthrich , Yinchu Zhu

We study distribution-free predictive inference for data with group symmetries, aiming to establish near-conditional coverage guarantees beyond exchangeability for structured data. While many predictive inference methods achieve a target…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Yichen Shen , Mengxin Yu

Constructing prediction sets with coverage guarantees for unobserved outcomes is a core problem in modern statistics. Methods for predictive inference have been developed for a wide range of settings, but usually only consider test data…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-11 Yonghoon Lee , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen , Edgar Dobriban

This article presents a novel, general, and effective simulation-inspired approach, called {\it repro samples method}, to conduct statistical inference. The approach studies the performance of artificial samples, referred to as {\it repro…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-15 Min-ge Xie , Peng Wang

Simulation-based inference (SBI) methods typically require fully observed data to infer parameters of models with intractable likelihood functions. However, datasets often contain missing values due to incomplete observations, data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yogesh Verma , Ayush Bharti , Vikas Garg

Machine learning predictions are increasingly used to supplement incomplete or costly-to-measure outcomes in fields such as biomedical research, environmental science, and social science. However, treating predictions as ground truth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-29 Yilin Song , Dan M. Kluger , Harsh Parikh , Tian Gu

Traditional regression and prediction tasks often only provide deterministic point estimates. To estimate the distribution or uncertainty of the response variable, traditional methods either assume that the posterior distribution of samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Daojun Liang , Haixia Zhang , Dongfeng Yuan

Synthetic training data has gained prominence in numerous learning tasks and scenarios, offering advantages such as dataset augmentation, generalization evaluation, and privacy preservation. Despite these benefits, the efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Jianhao Yuan , Jie Zhang , Shuyang Sun , Philip Torr , Bo Zhao

This study investigates Bayesian ensemble learning for improving the quality of decision-making. We consider a decision-maker who selects an action from a set of candidates based on a policy trained using observations. In our setting, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-14 Masahiro Kato

With promising empirical performance across a wide range of applications, synthetic data augmentation appears a viable solution to data scarcity and the demands of increasingly data-intensive models. Its effectiveness lies in expanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zixuan Wu , So Won Jeong , Yating Liu , Yeo Jin Jung , Claire Donnat

Simulation-based inference (SBI) refers to statistical inference on stochastic models for which we can generate samples, but not compute likelihoods. Like SBI algorithms, generative adversarial networks (GANs) do not require explicit…

Inference is the process of using facts we know to learn about facts we do not know. A theory of inference gives assumptions necessary to get from the former to the latter, along with a definition for and summary of the resulting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-27 Beau Coker , Cynthia Rudin , Gary King