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Web applications are critical to modern software ecosystems, yet ensuring their reliability remains challenging due to the complexity and dynamic nature of web interfaces. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Nguyen-Khang Le , Quan Minh Bui , Minh Ngoc Nguyen , Hiep Nguyen , Trung Vo , Son T. Luu , Shoshin Nomura , Minh Le Nguyen

The safety and reliability of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) must be validated prior to large-scale deployment. Among existing validation approaches, scenario-based testing has been regarded as a promising method to improve testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yongqi Zhao , Ji Zhou , Dong Bi , Tomislav Mihalj , Jia Hu , Arno Eichberger

Automated test generation is essential for software quality assurance, with coverage rate serving as a key metric to ensure thorough testing. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in improving test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 WeiZhe Xu , Mengyu Liu , Fanxin Kong

Graphical security models constitute a well-known, user-friendly way to represent the security of a system. These kinds of models are used by security experts to identify vulnerabilities and assess the security of a system. The manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Alyzia-Maria Konsta , Beatrice Spiga , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Nicola Dragoni

The increasing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers significant opportunities across the engineering lifecycle, including requirements engineering, software development, process optimization, and decision support. Despite this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Stefan Otten , Philipp Reis , Philipp Rigoll , Joshua Ransiek , Tobias Schürmann , Jacob Langner , Eric Sax

Testing and evaluation is an important step before the large-scale application of the autonomous driving systems (ADSs). Based on the three level of scenario abstraction theory, a testing can be performed within a logical scenario, followed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Xinzheng Wu , Junyi Chen , Jianfeng Wu , Longgao Zhang , Tian Xia , Yong Shen

Software vulnerabilities pose significant security challenges and potential risks to society, necessitating extensive efforts in automated vulnerability detection. There are two popular lines of work to address automated vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Xin Zhou , Duc-Manh Tran , Thanh Le-Cong , Ting Zhang , Ivana Clairine Irsan , Joshua Sumarlin , Bach Le , David Lo

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered AI research agents to perform isolated scientific tasks, automating complex, real-world workflows, such as LLM training, remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we introduce TREX, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zerun Ma , Guoqiang Wang , Xinchen Xie , Yicheng Chen , He Du , Bowen Li , Yanan Sun , Wenran Liu , Kai Chen , Yining Li

Autonomous vehicles are complex systems that are challenging to test and debug. A requirements-driven approach to the development process can decrease the resources required to design and test these systems, while simultaneously increasing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Cumhur Erkan Tuncali , Georgios Fainekos , Danil Prokhorov , Hisahiro Ito , James Kapinski

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents new opportunities for automated software vulnerability detection, a crucial task in securing modern codebases. This paper presents a comparative study on the effectiveness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Md Hasan Saju , Maher Muhtadi , Akramul Azim

Software engineers in various industrial domains are already using Large Language Models (LLMs) to accelerate the process of implementing parts of software systems. When considering its potential use for ADAS or AD systems in the automotive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ali Nouri , Beatriz Cabrero-Daniel , Zhennan Fei , Krishna Ronanki , Håkan Sivencrona , Christian Berger

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely deployed as the backbone with additional tools and text information for real-world applications. However, integrating external information into LLM-integrated applications raises significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Jiongxiao Wang , Fangzhou Wu , Wendi Li , Jinsheng Pan , Edward Suh , Z. Morley Mao , Muhao Chen , Chaowei Xiao

Ensuring the safety and harmlessness of Large Language Models (LLMs) has become equally critical as their performance in applications. However, existing safety alignment methods typically suffer from safety-performance trade-offs and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Yichi Zhang , Siyuan Zhang , Yao Huang , Zeyu Xia , Zhengwei Fang , Xiao Yang , Ranjie Duan , Dong Yan , Yinpeng Dong , Jun Zhu

Autonomous vehicles are in an intensive research and development stage, and the organizations developing these systems are targeting to deploy them on public roads in a very near future. One of the expectations from fully-automated vehicles…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Cumhur Erkan Tuncali , Georgios Fainekos

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results on natural language tasks, and security researchers are beginning to employ them in both offensive and defensive systems. In cyber-security, there have been multiple research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jiacen Xu , Jack W. Stokes , Geoff McDonald , Xuesong Bai , David Marshall , Siyue Wang , Adith Swaminathan , Zhou Li

Applications that use Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming widespread, making the identification of system vulnerabilities increasingly important. Automated Red Teaming accelerates this effort by using an LLM to generate and execute…

Joint safety and security analysis of cyber-physical systems is a necessary step to correctly capture inter-dependencies between these properties. Attack-Fault Trees represent a combination of dynamic Fault Trees and Attack Trees and can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Raffaela Groner , Thomas Witte , Alexander Raschke , Sophie Hirn , Irdin Pekaric , Markus Frick , Matthias Tichy , Michael Felderer

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are prolonged, stealthy intrusions by skilled adversaries that compromise high-value systems to steal data or disrupt operations. Reconstructing complete attack chains from massive, heterogeneous logs is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rujie Dai , Peizhuo Lv , Yujiang Gui , Qiujian Lv , Yuanyuan Qiao , Yan Wang , Degang Sun , Weiqing Huang , Yingjiu Li , XiaoFeng Wang

Attack Trees are a graphical model of security used to study threat scenarios. While visually appealing and supported by solid theories and effective tools, one of their main drawbacks remains the amount of effort required by security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Alyzia-Maria Konsta , Gemma Di Federico , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Andrea Burattin

This paper tackles the problems of generating concrete test cases for testing whether an application is vulnerable to attacks, and of checking whether security solutions are correctly implemented. The approach proposed in the paper aims at…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Sébastien Salva , Loukmen Regainia