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Generating safety-critical scenarios is essential for testing and verifying the safety of autonomous vehicles. Traditional optimization techniques suffer from the curse of dimensionality and limit the search space to fixed parameter spaces.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Haolan Liu , Liangjun Zhang , Siva Kumar Sastry Hari , Jishen Zhao

In recent years, predicting driver's focus of attention has been a very active area of research in the autonomous driving community. Unfortunately, existing state-of-the-art techniques achieve this by relying only on human gaze information,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Anwesan Pal , Sayan Mondal , Henrik I. Christensen

Conventional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for text generation tend to have issues of reward sparsity and mode collapse that affect the quality and diversity of generated samples. To address the issues, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Wangchunshu Zhou , Tao Ge , Ke Xu , Furu Wei , Ming Zhou

Safety-critical scenarios are essential for training and evaluating autonomous driving (AD) systems, yet remain extremely rare in real-world driving datasets. To address this, we propose Real-world Crash Grounding (RCG), a scenario…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Benjamin Stoler , Juliet Yang , Jonathan Francis , Jean Oh

Ensuring that all supposedly valid configurations of a software product line (SPL) lead to well-formed and acceptable products is challenging since it is most of the time impractical to enumerate and test all individual products of an SPL.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Paul Temple , Mathieu Acher , Battista Biggio , Jean-Marc Jézéquel , Fabio Roli

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been shown to produce realistic samples from high-dimensional distributions, but training them is considered hard. A possible explanation for training instabilities is the inherent imbalance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-12 Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Giambattista Parascandolo , Arash Mehrjou , Bernhard Schölkopf

Model-based reinforcement learning algorithms are typically more sample efficient than their model-free counterparts, especially in sparse reward problems. Unfortunately, many interesting domains are too complex to specify the complete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Andrew Chester , Michael Dann , Fabio Zambetta , John Thangarajah

Agent-based models (ABMs) stand as an essential paradigm for proposing and validating hypothetical solutions or policies aimed at addressing challenges posed by complex systems and achieving various objectives. This process demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Tong Niu , Weihao Zhang , Rong Zhao

Long-tail and rare event problems become crucial when autonomous driving algorithms are applied in the real world. For the purpose of evaluating systems in challenging settings, we propose a generative framework to create safety-critical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Wenhao Ding , Baiming Chen , Minjun Xu , Ding Zhao

Adversarial attack on question answering systems over tabular data (TableQA) can help evaluate to what extent they can understand natural language questions and reason with tables. However, generating natural language adversarial questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Yi Zhu , Yiwei Zhou , Menglin Xia

Trajectory generation and prediction are two interwoven tasks that play important roles in planner evaluation and decision making for intelligent vehicles. Most existing methods focus on one of the two and are optimized to directly output…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Ruochen Jiao , Xiangguo Liu , Bowen Zheng , Dave Liang , Qi Zhu

This paper presents a scenario generation framework that creates diverse, parametrized, and safety-critical driving situations to validate the safety features of autonomous vehicles in simulation [15]. By modeling factors such as road…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Kiruthiga Chandra Shekar , Aliasghar Moj Arab

We introduce SAGE; a Generative LLM for inferring attribute values for products across world-wide e-Commerce catalogs. We introduce a novel formulation of the attribute-value prediction problem as a Seq2Seq summarization task, across…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Athanasios N. Nikolakopoulos , Swati Kaul , Siva Karthik Gade , Bella Dubrov , Umit Batur , Suleiman Ali Khan

This paper presents a game-theoretic path-following formulation where the opponent is an adversary road model. This formulation allows us to compute safe sets using tools from viability theory, that can be used as terminal constraints in an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Alexander Liniger , Luc van Gool

The Deep Neural Networks are vulnerable toadversarial exam-ples(Figure 1), making the DNNs-based systems collapsed byadding the inconspicuous perturbations to the images. Most of the existing works for adversarial attack are gradient-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Shaohao Lu , Yuqiao Xian , Ke Yan , Yi Hu , Xing Sun , Xiaowei Guo , Feiyue Huang , Wei-Shi Zheng

A new paradigm to estimate the gradient of a black-box scalar function is introduced, considering it as a member of a set of admissible gradients that are computed using existing function samples. Results on gradient estimate accuracy,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-28 Lorenzo Sabug , Fredy Ruiz , Lorenzo Fagiano

Autonomous driving systems have witnessed a significant development during the past years thanks to the advance in machine learning-enabled sensing and decision-making algorithms. One critical challenge for their massive deployment in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Wenhao Ding , Chejian Xu , Mansur Arief , Haohong Lin , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

In contemporary autonomous driving testing, virtual simulation has become an important approach due to its efficiency and cost effectiveness. However, existing methods usually rely on reinforcement learning to generate risky scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Chen Xiong , Cheng Wang , Yuhang Liu , Zirui Wu , Ye Tian

Scenario generation is an important step in the operation and planning of power systems with high renewable penetrations. In this work, we proposed a data-driven approach for scenario generation using generative adversarial networks, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Yize Chen , Yishen Wang , Daniel Kirschen , Baosen Zhang

Generating safety-critical scenarios in high-fidelity simulations offers a promising and cost-effective approach for efficient testing of autonomous vehicles. Existing methods typically rely on manipulating a single vehicle's trajectory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jiawei Wang , Xintao Yan , Yao Mu , Haowei Sun , Zhong Cao , Henry X. Liu