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Related papers: The Knowledge-Behaviour Disconnect in LLM-based Ch…

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Large language models (LLMs) can provide users with false, inaccurate, or misleading information, and we consider the output of this type of information as what Natale (2021) calls `banal' deceptive behaviour. Here, we investigate peoples'…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Xiao Zhan , Yifan Xu , Noura Abdi , Joe Collenette , Ruba Abu-Salma , Stefan Sarkadi

People increasingly hold sustained, open-ended conversations with large language models (LLMs). Public reports and early studies suggest that, in such settings, models can reinforce delusional or conspiratorial ideation or even amplify…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Peter Kirgis , Ben Hawriluk , Sherrie Feng , Aslan Bilimer , Sam Paech , Zeynep Tufekci

Knowledge-grounded conversational models are known to suffer from producing factually invalid statements, a phenomenon commonly called hallucination. In this work, we investigate the underlying causes of this phenomenon: is hallucination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Nouha Dziri , Sivan Milton , Mo Yu , Osmar Zaiane , Siva Reddy

Large language models (LLMs) are trained on large corpora, yet it is unclear whether they can reason about the information present within their training data. We design experiments to study out-of-context abduction in LLMs, the ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Sohaib Imran , Rob Lamb , Peter M. Atkinson

One of the main weaknesses of current chatbots or dialogue systems is that they do not learn online during conversations after they are deployed. This is a major loss of opportunity. Clearly, each human user has a great deal of knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Bing Liu , Chuhe Mei

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in customer-facing applications, a critical yet underexplored question is how users communicate differently with LLM chatbots compared to human agent. In this study, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Fulei Zhang , Zhou Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional natural language understanding abilities and have excelled in a variety of natural language processing (NLP)tasks in recent years. Despite the fact that most LLMs are trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Bradley Hauer , Ning Shi , Grzegorz Kondrak

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various information-seeking and reasoning tasks. These computational systems drive state-of-the-art dialogue systems, such as ChatGPT and Bard. They also carry…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Siyuan Brandon Loh , Aravind Sesagiri Raamkumar

Recently, with the application progress of AIGC tools based on large language models (LLMs), led by ChatGPT, many AI experts and more non-professionals are trumpeting the "reasoning ability" of the LLMs. The present author considers that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jingde Cheng

Conversational AI chatbots have become increasingly common within the customer service industry. Despite improvements in their emotional development, they often lack the authenticity of real customer service interactions or the competence…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Antonin Brun , Ruying Liu , Aryan Shukla , Frances Watson , Jonathan Gratch

Questionnaires are a common method for detecting the personality of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their reliability is often compromised by two main issues: hallucinations (where LLMs produce inaccurate or irrelevant responses) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Baohua Zhan , Yongyi Huang , Wenyao Cui , Huaping Zhang , Jianyun Shang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tutoring chatbots, showing promise in providing broad access to high-quality personalized education. Existing works have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Alexander Scarlatos , Ryan S. Baker , Andrew Lan

Large language models (LLMs) are currently at the forefront of intertwining artificial intelligence (AI) systems with human communication and everyday life. Thus, aligning them with human values is of great importance. However, given the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Thilo Hagendorff

This work is intended as a voice in the discussion over previous claims that a pretrained large language model (LLM) based on the Transformer model architecture can be sentient. Such claims have been made concerning the LaMDA model and also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Matthew Shardlow , Piotr Przybyła

Despite efforts to expand the knowledge of large language models (LLMs), knowledge gaps -- missing or outdated information in LLMs -- might always persist given the evolving nature of knowledge. In this work, we study approaches to identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Shangbin Feng , Weijia Shi , Yike Wang , Wenxuan Ding , Vidhisha Balachandran , Yulia Tsvetkov

A conversational agent (chatbot) is a piece of software that is able to communicate with humans using natural language. Modeling conversation is an important task in natural language processing and artificial intelligence. While chatbots…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Richard Csaky

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are able to generate human-like, fluent responses for many downstream tasks, e.g., task-oriented dialog and question answering. However, applying LLMs to real-world, mission-critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Baolin Peng , Michel Galley , Pengcheng He , Hao Cheng , Yujia Xie , Yu Hu , Qiuyuan Huang , Lars Liden , Zhou Yu , Weizhu Chen , Jianfeng Gao

This paper investigates the ontological characterization of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT. Between inflationary and deflationary accounts, we pay special attention to their status as agents. This requires explaining in detail…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Xabier E. Barandiaran , Lola S. Almendros

The following contribution introduces a concept that employs Large Language Models (LLMs) and a chatbot interface to enhance SPARQL query generation for ontologies, thereby facilitating intuitive access to formalized knowledge. Utilizing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Jonathan Reif , Tom Jeleniewski , Milapji Singh Gill , Felix Gehlhoff , Alexander Fay

A concise overview is provided of selected theoretical models of communication competence in the fields of linguistics, interpersonal communication, second language use, and human-robot interaction. The following practical research…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Goran Bubas