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Deploying large language models (LLMs) in mobile and edge computing environments is constrained by limited on-device resources, scarce wireless bandwidth, and frequent model evolution. Although edge-cloud collaborative inference with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yuchen Li , Rui Kong , Zhonghao Lyu , Qiyang Li , Xinran Chen , Hengyi Cai , Lingyong Yan , Shuaiqiang Wang , Jiashu Zhao , Guangxu Zhu , Linghe Kong , Guihai Chen , Haoyi Xiong , Dawei Yin

Pipeline parallelism is a crucial paradigm for large-scale model training. However, imbalances in memory footprint across stages can lead to significant GPU memory wastage, limiting the model sizes that pipeline parallelism can effectively…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Xuan Peng , Xuanhua Shi , Haolin Zhang , Yunfei Zhao , Xuehai Qian

The rapid increase in connected devices has signifi- cantly intensified the computational and communication demands on modern telecommunication networks. To address these chal- lenges, integrating advanced Machine Learning (ML) techniques…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Mengyao Li , Noah Ploch , Sebastian Troia , Carlo Spatocco , Wolfgang Kellerer , Guido Maier

Distributed inference serves as a promising approach to enabling the inference of large language models (LLMs) at the network edge. It distributes the inference process to multiple devices to ensure that the LLMs can fit into the device…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xing Liu , Lizhuo Luo , Ming Tang , Chao Huang , Xu Chen

Hybrid parallelism underpins large-scale LLM training across tens of thousands of GPUs. At such scale, hardware failures on individual devices lead to performance skew across devices, diminishing overall training efficiency. Existing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tenghui Ma , Jihu Guo , Wei Gao , Sitian Lu , Zhisheng Ye , Hanjing Wang , Dahua Lin

In this letter, we propose an energy-efficient split learning (SL) framework for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) using geo-distributed personal data at the network edge, where LLMs are split and alternately across massive mobile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Zuguang Li , Shaohua Wu , Liang Li , Songge Zhang

The growth of large language models (LLMs) increases challenges of accelerating distributed training across multiple GPUs in different data centers. Moreover, concerns about data privacy and data exhaustion have heightened interest in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhenheng Tang , Zichen Tang , Junlin Huang , Xinglin Pan , Rudan Yan , Yuxin Wang , Amelie Chi Zhou , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu , Bo Li

We investigate a cooperative federated learning framework among devices for mobile edge computing, named CFLMEC, where devices co-exist in a shared spectrum with interference. Keeping in view the time-average network throughput of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Xinghan Wang , Xiaoxiong Zhong , Yuanyuan Yang , Tingting Yang

As inference workloads for large language models (LLMs) scale to meet growing user demand, pipeline parallelism (PP) has become a widely adopted strategy for multi-GPU deployment, particularly in cross-node setups, to improve key-value (KV)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Yongchao He , Bohan Zhao , Zheng Cao

With the increased penetration and proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, there is a growing trend towards distributing the power of deep learning (DL) across edge devices rather than centralizing it in the cloud. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Yuhao Chen , Qianqian Yang , Shibo He , Zhiguo Shi , Jiming Chen

Collaborative learning among LLM-based agents under federated learning faces challenges, including communication costs, heterogeneity in data, and tool-usage, limiting their effectiveness. We introduce Synapse, a framework that trains a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abhijit Chakraborty , Sandipan De , Yash Shah , Chahana Dahal , Vivek Gupta

Many IoT applications at the network edge demand intelligent decisions in a real-time manner. The edge device alone, however, often cannot achieve real-time edge intelligence due to its constrained computing resources and limited local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Sen Lin , Guang Yang , Junshan Zhang

Motivated by the drawbacks of cloud-based federated learning (FL), cooperative federated edge learning (CFEL) has been proposed to improve efficiency for FL over mobile edge networks, where multiple edge servers collaboratively coordinate…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Zhenxiao Zhang , Zhidong Gao , Yuanxiong Guo , Yanmin Gong

Split learning (SL) offloads main computing tasks from multiple resource-constrained user equippments (UEs) to the base station (BS), while preserving local data privacy. However, its computation and communication processes remain…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Chenyu Liu , Zhaoyang Zhang , Zirui Chen , Zhaohui Yang

This paper introduces a parallel and asynchronous Transformer framework designed for efficient and accurate multilingual lip synchronization in real-time video conferencing systems. The proposed architecture integrates translation, speech…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Eren Caglar , Amirkia Rafiei Oskooei , Mehmet Kutanoglu , Mustafa Keles , Mehmet S. Aktas

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without centralizing data. However, the traditional FL framework is cloud-based and suffers from high communication latency. On the other hand, the edge-based FL framework that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Zhenxiao Zhang , Zhidong Gao , Yuanxiong Guo , Yanmin Gong

Hybrid parallelism techniques are essential for efficiently training large language models (LLMs). Nevertheless, current automatic parallel planning frameworks often overlook the simultaneous consideration of node heterogeneity and dynamic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ruilong Wu , Xinjiao Li , Yisu Wang , Xinyu Chen , Dirk Kutscher

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on edge devices is challenging due to their limited memory and power resources. Cloud-only inference reduces device burden but introduces high latency and cost. Static edge-cloud partitions optimize a…

The parameter size of modern large language models (LLMs) can be scaled up via the sparsely-activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) technique to avoid excessive increase of the computational costs. To further improve training efficiency,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yunqi Gao , Bing Hu , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , A-Long Jin , Yanfeng Zhang , Pei Xiao , Rahim Tafazolli , Merouane Debbah

Extending the context length (i.e., the maximum supported sequence length) of LLMs is of paramount significance. To facilitate long context training of LLMs, sequence parallelism has emerged as an essential technique, which scatters each…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yujie Wang , Shiju Wang , Shenhan Zhu , Fangcheng Fu , Xinyi Liu , Xuefeng Xiao , Huixia Li , Jiashi Li , Faming Wu , Bin Cui