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$\texttt{PyCosmo}$ is a Python-based framework for the fast computation of cosmological model predictions. One of its core features is the symbolic representation of the Einstein-Boltzmann system of equations. Efficient $\texttt{C/C++}$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-20 Beatrice Moser , Christiane S. Lorenz , Uwe Schmitt , Alexandre Refregier , Janis Fluri , Raphael Sgier , Federica Tarsitano , Lavinia Heisenberg

Symmetry plays a central role in accelerating symbolic computation involving polynomials. This chapter surveys recent developments and foundational methods that leverage the inherent symmetries of polynomial systems to reduce complexity,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-08-01 Cordian Riener , Thi Xuan Vu

Equivariance encodes known symmetries into neural networks, often enhancing generalization. However, equivariant networks cannot break symmetries: the output of an equivariant network must, by definition, have at least the same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Hannah Lawrence , Vasco Portilheiro , Yan Zhang , Sékou-Oumar Kaba

The mathematical software system polymake provides a wide range of functions for convex polytopes, simplicial complexes, and other objects. A large part of this paper is dedicated to a tutorial which exemplifies the usage. Later sections…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ewgenij Gawrilow , Michael Joswig

Recent advances in classical machine learning have shown that creating models with inductive biases encoding the symmetries of a problem can greatly improve performance. Importation of these ideas, combined with an existing rich body of…

We present PyXtal, a new package based on the Python programming language, used to generate structures with specific symmetry and chemical compositions for both atomic and molecular systems. This soft ware provides support for various…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-05 Scott Fredericks , Kevin Parrish , Dean Sayre , Qiang Zhu

Using symmetry as an inductive bias in deep learning has been proven to be a principled approach for sample-efficient model design. However, the relationship between symmetry and the imperative for equivariance in neural networks is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Sékou-Oumar Kaba , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

Symmetry is fundamental in the description and simulation of quantum systems. Leveraging symmetries in classical simulations of many-body quantum systems can results in significant overhead due to the exponentially growing size of some…

Deep learning has had remarkable success in robotic perception, but its data-centric nature suffers when it comes to generalizing to ever-changing environments. By contrast, physics-based optimization generalizes better, but it does not…

Pattern matching is a powerful tool for symbolic computations, based on the well-defined theory of term rewriting systems. Application domains include algebraic expressions, abstract syntax trees, and XML and JSON data. Unfortunately, no…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Manuel Krebber , Henrik Barthels , Paolo Bientinesi

This paper introduces PyMatching, a fast open-source Python package for decoding quantum error-correcting codes with the minimum-weight perfect matching (MWPM) algorithm. PyMatching includes the standard MWPM decoder as well as a variant,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-14 Oscar Higgott

Physical theories grounded in mathematical symmetries are an essential component of our understanding of a wide range of properties of the universe. Similarly, in the domain of machine learning, an awareness of symmetries such as rotation…

Bayesian Networks (BNs) are used in various fields for modeling, prediction, and decision making. pgmpy is a python package that provides a collection of algorithms and tools to work with BNs and related models. It implements algorithms for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Ankur Ankan , Johannes Textor

Polynomial optimization problems are infinite-dimensional, nonconvex, NP-hard, and are often handled in practice with the moment-sums of squares hierarchy of semidefinite programming bounds. We consider problems where the objective function…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Igor Klep , Victor Magron , Tobias Metzlaff , Jie Wang

Advancement in recent years in the field of experimental gravitation has allowed to test the equivalence principle in regimes that were previously unexplored, allowing for unprecedented verifications of general relativity and also enabling…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-18 Riccardo Della Monica

We present PyRigi, a novel Python package designed to study the rigidity properties of graphs and frameworks. Among many other capabilities, PyRigi can determine whether a graph admits only finitely many ways, up to isometries, of being…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Matteo Gallet , Georg Grasegger , Matthias Himmelmann , Jan Legerský

Since Lorenz's seminal work on a simplified weather model, the numerical analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems has become one of the main subjects of research in physics. Despite of that, there remains a need for accessible, efficient,…

We present an overview of Sherpa, an open source Python project, and discuss its development history, broad design concepts and capabilities. Sherpa contains powerful tools for combining parametric models into complex expressions that can…

In many real-world applications of regression, conditional probability estimation, and uncertainty quantification, exploiting symmetries rooted in physics or geometry can dramatically improve generalization and sample efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Daniel Ordoñez-Apraez , Vladimir Kostić , Alek Fröhlich , Vivien Brandt , Karim Lounici , Massimiliano Pontil

PySPH is an open-source, Python-based, framework for particle methods in general and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) in particular. PySPH allows a user to define a complete SPH simulation using pure Python. High-performance code is…