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Language models (LMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in NLP, yet adapting them efficiently and robustly to specific tasks remains challenging. As their scale and complexity grow, fine-tuning LMs on labelled data often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zhengyan Shi

Integrating external knowledge into large language models (LLMs) presents a promising solution to overcome the limitations imposed by their antiquated and static parametric memory. Prior studies, however, have tended to over-reliance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Hao Zhang , Yuyang Zhang , Xiaoguang Li , Wenxuan Shi , Haonan Xu , Huanshuo Liu , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Yong Liu , Ruiming Tang

Multimodal Affective Computing (MAC) aims to recognize and interpret human emotions by integrating information from diverse modalities such as text, video, and audio. Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Miaosen Luo , Jiesen Long , Zequn Li , Yunying Yang , Yuncheng Jiang , Sijie Mai

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) promise enhanced reasoning by integrating diverse inputs such as text, vision, and audio. Yet cross-modal reasoning remains underexplored, with conflicting reports on whether added modalities help or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yucheng Wang , Yifan Hou , Aydin Javadov , Mubashara Akhtar , Mrinmaya Sachan

This study presents a framework for conducting psychological and linguistic research through simulated conversations using large language models (LLMs). The proposed methodology offers significant advantages, particularly for simulating…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Frank Tian-fang Ye , Xiaozi Gao

We propose a novel scaling law for general-purpose decoder-only language models (LMs) trained on multilingual data, tackling the problem of balancing languages during multilingual pretraining. A primary challenge in studying multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Yifei He , Alon Benhaim , Barun Patra , Praneetha Vaddamanu , Sanchit Ahuja , Parul Chopra , Vishrav Chaudhary , Han Zhao , Xia Song

Multilingual language models (LMs) organize representations for typologically and orthographically diverse languages into a shared parameter space, yet the nature of this internal organization remains elusive. In this work, we investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Aastha A K Verma , Anwoy Chatterjee , Mehak Gupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

As safety remains a crucial concern throughout the development lifecycle of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers and industrial practitioners have increasingly focused on safeguarding and aligning LLM behaviors with human preferences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Jiayang Song , Yuheng Huang , Zhehua Zhou , Lei Ma

Lately, the practice of utilizing task-specific fine-tuning has been implemented to improve the performance of large language models (LLM) in subsequent tasks. Through the integration of diverse LLMs, the overall competency of LLMs is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Mingyang Zhang , Jing Liu , Ganggui Ding , Xinyi Yu , Linlin Ou , Bohan Zhuang

Political scientists are rapidly adopting large language models (LLMs) for text annotation, yet the sensitivity of annotation results to implementation choices remains poorly understood. Most evaluations test a single model or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Lorcan McLaren , James Cross , Zuzanna Krakowska , Robin Rauner , Martijn Schoonvelde

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread global adoption, showcasing advanced linguistic capabilities across multiple of languages. There is a growing interest in academia to use these models to simulate and study human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Shiran Dudy , Ibrahim Said Ahmad , Ryoko Kitajima , Agata Lapedriza

Learning a distinct representation for each sense of an ambiguous word could lead to more powerful and fine-grained models of vector-space representations. Yet while `multi-sense' methods have been proposed and tested on artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-25 Jiwei Li , Dan Jurafsky

The general capabilities of Large Language Models (LLM) highly rely on the composition and selection on extensive pretraining datasets, treated as commercial secrets by several institutions. To mitigate this issue, we open-source the…

Model merging aims to combine multiple task-specific expert models into a single model without joint retraining, offering a practical alternative to multi-task learning when data access or computational budget is limited. Existing methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kaiyang Li , Shaobo Han , Qing Su , Shihao Ji

The widespread availability of fine-tuned LoRA modules for open pre-trained models has led to an interest in methods that can adaptively merge LoRAs to improve performance. These methods typically include some way of selecting LoRAs from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Haokun Liu , Gyung Hyun Je , Marco Ciccone , Zhenlin Xu , Prasanth YSS , Colin Raffel

Recent developments in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown rapid progress, moving towards the goal of creating versatile MLLMs that understand inputs from various modalities. However, existing methods typically rely on joint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Chi Chen , Yiyang Du , Zheng Fang , Ziyue Wang , Fuwen Luo , Peng Li , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

This paper introduces a Dual Evaluation Framework to comprehensively assess the multilingual capabilities of LLMs. By decomposing the evaluation along the dimensions of linguistic medium and cultural context, this framework enables a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jiahao Ying , Wei Tang , Yiran Zhao , Yixin Cao , Yu Rong , Wenxuan Zhang

Recent advances in reasoning with large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on complex mathematical tasks, including combinatorial optimization. Techniques such as Chain-of-Thought and In-Context Learning have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Marylou Fauchard , Florian Carichon , Margarida Carvalho , Golnoosh Farnadi

Understanding the internal mechanisms of large language models (LLMs) remains a challenging and complex endeavor. Even fundamental questions, such as how fine-tuning affects model behavior, often require extensive empirical evaluation. In…

Integration of diverse data will be a pivotal step towards improving scientific explorations in many disciplines. This work establishes a vision-language model (VLM) that encodes videos with text input in order to classify various behaviors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Paimon Goulart , Jordan Steinhauser , Kylene Shuler , Edward Korzus , Jia Chen , Evangelos E. Papalexakis