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Multivariate time series forecasting involves predicting future values based on historical observations. However, existing approaches primarily rely on predefined single-scale patches or lack effective mechanisms for multi-scale feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Huanyao Zhang , Jiaye Lin , Wentao Zhang , Haitao Yuan , Guoliang Li

Multi-horizon forecasting problems often contain a complex mix of inputs -- including static (i.e. time-invariant) covariates, known future inputs, and other exogenous time series that are only observed historically -- without any prior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-29 Bryan Lim , Sercan O. Arik , Nicolas Loeff , Tomas Pfister

Time series forecasting is an important application in various domains such as energy management, traffic planning, financial markets, meteorology, and medicine. However, real-time series data often present intricate temporal variability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Reza Nematirad , Anil Pahwa , Balasubramaniam Natarajan

Time series forecasting has become an increasingly popular research area due to its critical applications in various real-world domains such as traffic management, weather prediction, and financial analysis. Despite significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Ninghui Feng , Songning Lai , Jiayu Yang , Fobao Zhou , Zhenxiao Yin , Hang Zhao

Forecasting multivariate time series data, such as prediction of electricity consumption, solar power production, and polyphonic piano pieces, has numerous valuable applications. However, complex and non-linear interdependencies between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Shun-Yao Shih , Fan-Keng Sun , Hung-yi Lee

Recent studies have shown that by introducing prior knowledge, multi-scale analysis of complex and non-stationary time series in real environments can achieve good results in the field of long-term forecasting. However, affected by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Bin Wang , Heming Yang , Jinfang Sheng

Time series forecasting traditionally relies on unimodal numerical inputs, which often struggle to capture high-level semantic patterns due to their dense and unstructured nature. While recent approaches have explored representing time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Sixun Dong , Wei Fan , Teresa Wu , Yanjie Fu

Accurate Multivariate Time Series (MTS) forecasting is crucial for collaborative design of complex systems, Digital Twin building, and maintenance ahead of time. However, the collaborative industrial environment presents new challenges for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shaoxun Wang , Xingjun Zhang , Kun Xia , Qianyang Li , Jiawei Cao , Zhendong Tan

Time series modeling for predictive purpose has been an active research area of machine learning for many years. However, no sufficiently comprehensive and meanwhile substantive survey was offered so far. This survey strives to meet this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Fatoumata Dama , Christine Sinoquet

Accurate multivariate time series forecasting hinges on inter-series correlations, which often evolve in complex ways across different temporal scales. Existing methods are limited in modeling these multi-scale dependencies and struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shaoxun Wang , Xingjun Zhang , Qianyang Li , Jiawei Cao , Zhendong Tan

Data augmentation is a crucial technique for improving model generalization and robustness, particularly in deep learning models where training data is limited. Although many augmentation methods have been developed for time series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jafar Bakhshaliyev , Johannes Burchert , Niels Landwehr , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Time Series Forecasting has made significant progress with the help of Patching technique, which partitions time series into multiple patches to effectively retain contextual semantic information into a representation space beneficial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Xingjian Wu , Xiangfei Qiu , Hanyin Cheng , Zhengyu Li , Jilin Hu , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

Accurate traffic forecasting is essential for intelligent transportation systems, supporting a wide range of real-world applications. However, it remains challenging due to two key factors:~(1) Traffic series contain heterogeneous temporal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ruiwen Gu , Qitai Tan , Yahao Liu , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Multivariate time series is prevalent in many scientific and industrial domains. Modeling multivariate signals is challenging due to their long-range temporal dependencies and intricate interactions--both direct and indirect. To confront…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Juhyeon Kim , Hyungeun Lee , Seungwon Yu , Ung Hwang , Wooyul Jung , Miseon Park , Kijung Yoon

Trustworthy decision making in networked, dynamic environments calls for innovative uncertainty quantification substrates in predictive models for graph time series. Existing conformal prediction (CP) methods have been applied separately to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sonakshi Dua , Gonzalo Mateos , Sundeep Prabhakar Chepuri

Non-stationarity is a fundamental challenge in multivariate long-term time series forecasting, often manifested as rapid changes in amplitude and phase. These variations lead to severe distribution shifts and consequently degrade predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Yue Hu , Jialiang Tang , Siwei Yu , Baosheng Yu , Jing Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Time-evolving perforated domains arise in many engineering and geoscientific applications, including reactive transport, particle deposition, and structural degradation in porous media. Accurately capturing the macroscopic behavior of such…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Wei Xie , Viet Ha Hoang , Yin Yang , Yunqing Huang

Modern cities are increasingly reliant on data-driven insights to support decision making in areas such as transportation, public safety and environmental impact. However, city-level data often exists in heterogeneous formats, collected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Takuya Kurihana , Xiaojian Zhang , Wing Yee Au , Hon Yung Wong

Inherent temporal heterogeneity, such as varying sampling densities and periodic structures, has posed substantial challenges in zero-shot generalization for Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs). Existing TSFMs predominantly rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Kun Feng , Shaocheng Lan , Yuchen Fang , Wenchao He , Sihan Lu , Shuqi Gu , Lintao Ma , Xingyu Lu , Kan Ren

Spatio-temporal forecasting is challenging attributing to the high nonlinearity in temporal dynamics as well as complex location-characterized patterns in spatial domains, especially in fields like weather forecasting. Graph convolutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Haitao Lin , Zhangyang Gao , Yongjie Xu , Lirong Wu , Ling Li , Stan. Z. Li