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Psychological constructs within individuals are widely believed to be interconnected. We investigated whether and how Large Language Models (LLMs) can model the correlational structure of human psychological traits from minimal quantitative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi-Fei Liu , Yi-Long Lu , Di He , Hang Zhang

Language models (LMs) are increasingly used as simulacra for people, yet their ability to match the distribution of views of a specific demographic group and be \textit{distributionally aligned} remains uncertain. This notion of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Nicole Meister , Carlos Guestrin , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Large Language Models (LLM) technology is constantly improving towards human-like dialogue. Values are a basic driving force underlying human behavior, but little research has been done to study the values exhibited in text generated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Naama Rozen , Liat Bezalel , Gal Elidan , Amir Globerson , Ella Daniel

Big models, exemplified by Large Language Models (LLMs), are models typically pre-trained on massive data and comprised of enormous parameters, which not only obtain significantly improved performance across diverse tasks but also present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jing Yao , Xiaoyuan Yi , Xiting Wang , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie

Alignment with human preferences is an important evaluation aspect of LLMs, requiring them to be helpful, honest, safe, and to precisely follow human instructions. Evaluating large language models' (LLMs) alignment typically involves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yixin Liu , Pengfei Liu , Arman Cohan

Large language models (LLMs) have attracted significant attention for their exceptional abilities in various natural language processing tasks, but they suffer from hallucinations that will cause performance degradation. One promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Dancheng Liu , Amir Nassereldine , Ziming Yang , Chenhui Xu , Yuting Hu , Jiajie Li , Utkarsh Kumar , Changjae Lee , Ruiyang Qin , Yiyu Shi , Jinjun Xiong

Polite speech poses a fundamental alignment challenge for large language models (LLMs). Humans deploy a rich repertoire of linguistic strategies to balance informational and social goals -- from positive approaches that build rapport…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Haoran Zhao , Robert D. Hawkins

Large language models (LLMs) make it easy to rewrite a text in any style -- e.g. to make it more polite, persuasive, or more positive -- but evaluation thereof is not straightforward. A challenge lies in measuring content preservation: that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Amalie Brogaard Pauli , Isabelle Augenstein , Ira Assent

Benchmarks have emerged as the central approach for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs). The research community often relies on a model's average performance across the test prompts of a benchmark to evaluate the model's performance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Melissa Ailem , Katerina Marazopoulou , Charlotte Siska , James Bono

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing, enabling the generation of coherent and contextually relevant human-like text. As LLMs increasingly powerconversational agents used by the general…

Calibration, the alignment between model confidence and prediction accuracy, is critical for the reliable deployment of large language models (LLMs). Existing works neglect to measure the generalization of their methods to other prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Yuxi Xia , Pedro Henrique Luz de Araujo , Klim Zaporojets , Benjamin Roth

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in environments where they encounter social information such as other agents' answers, tool outputs, or human recommendations. In humans, such inputs influence judgments in ways that depend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Anooshka Bajaj , Zoran Tiganj

As large language models (LLM) evolve in their capabilities, various recent studies have tried to quantify their behavior using psychological tools created to study human behavior. One such example is the measurement of "personality" of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Akshat Gupta , Xiaoyang Song , Gopala Anumanchipalli

The output of large language models (LLMs) is unstable, due both to non-determinism of the decoding process as well as to prompt brittleness. While the intrinsic non-determinism of LLM generation may mimic existing uncertainty in human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Jiahui Li , Sean Papay , Roman Klinger

The recent surge of versatile large language models (LLMs) largely depends on aligning increasingly capable foundation models with human intentions by preference learning, enhancing LLMs with excellent applicability and effectiveness in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ruili Jiang , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Zhixuan He , Juntao Li , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

Deploying large language models (LLMs) with agency in real-world applications raises critical questions about how these models will behave. In particular, how will their decisions align with humans when faced with moral dilemmas? This study…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Jiseon Kim , Jea Kwon , Luiz Felipe Vecchietti , Alice Oh , Meeyoung Cha

As educational systems evolve, ensuring that assessment items remain aligned with content standards is essential for maintaining fairness and instructional relevance. Traditional human alignment reviews are accurate but slow and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Farzan Karimi-Malekabadi , Pooya Razavi , Sonya Powers

Large language models (LLMs) hold the potential to absorb and reflect personality traits and attitudes specified by users. In our study, we investigated this potential using robust psychometric measures. We adapted the most studied test in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Anton Vasiliuk , Irina Abdullaeva , Polina Druzhinina , Anton Razzhigaev , Andrey Kuznetsov

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly become familiar tools to researchers and practitioners. Concepts such as prompting, temperature, or few-shot examples are now widely recognized, and LLMs are increasingly used in Modeling &…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Philippe J. Giabbanelli

The conformity bias exhibited by large language models (LLMs) can pose a significant challenge to decision-making in LLM-based multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS). While many prior studies have treated "conformity" simply as a matter of opinion…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Mikako Bito , Keita Nishimoto , Kimitaka Asatani , Ichiro Sakata
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