Related papers: Notes on the ordered set $A^A$. Part III. Exponent…

Walker's Cancellation theorem for abelian groups tells us that if $A$ is finitely generated and $G$ and $H$ are such that $A \oplus G \cong A \oplus H$, then $G \cong H$. Michael Deveau showed that the theorem can be effectivized, but not…

We consider the problem of characterizing isomorphisms of types, or, equivalently, constructive cardinality of sets, in the simultaneous presence of disjoint unions, Cartesian products, and exponentials. Mostly relying on results about…

For a given extension $A \subset E$ of associative algebras we describe and classify up to an isomorphism all $A$-complements of $E$, i.e. all subalgebras $X$ of $E$ such that $E = A + X$ and $A \cap X = \{0\}$. Let $X$ be a given…

We study the combinatorial equivalence of separable elements in types $A$ and $B$. A bijection is constructed from the set of separable permutations in the symmetric group $S_{n+1}$ to the set of separable signed permutations in the…

We define a fragment of monadic infinitary second-order logic corresponding to an abstract separation property. We use this to define the concept of a separation subclass. We use model theoretic techniques and games to show that separation…

This paper discusses the method of formative rules for first-order term rewriting, which was previously defined for a higher-order setting. Dual to the well-known usable rules, formative rules allow dropping some of the term constraints…

Let $\mathcal{O}$ be a maximal order in the quaternion algebra over $\mathbb{Q}$ ramified at $p$ and $\infty$. We prove two theorems that allow us to recover the structure of $\mathcal{O}$ from limited information. The first says that for…

For an algebraic number $\alpha$ we consider the orders of the reductions of $\alpha$ in finite fields. In the case where $\alpha$ is an integer, it is known by the work on Artin's primitive root conjecture that the order is "almost always…

Let $A \leq G$ be a subgroup of a group $G$. An $A$-complement of $G$ is a subgroup $H$ of $G$ such that $G = A H$ and $A \cap H = \{1\}$. The \emph{classifying complements problem} asks for the description and classification of all…

We generalize type $A$ quivers to continuous type $A$ quivers and prove initial results about pointwise finite-dimensional (pwf) representations. We classify the indecomosable pwf representations and provide a decomposition theorem,…

A conjecture of Graham (repeated by Erd\H{o}s) asserts that for any set $A \subseteq \mathbb{F}_p \setminus \{0\}$, there is an ordering $a_1, \ldots, a_{|A|}$ of the elements of $A$ such that the partial sums $a_1, a_1+a_2, \ldots,…

We give a simple example of a set that is weakly Dedekind infinite (= can be mapped onto omega) but dually Dedekind finite (=cannot be mapped noninjectively onto itself), namely, the power set of a superamorphous set. (A infinite set is…

We study first-order concatenation theory with bounded quantifiers. We give axiomatizations with interesting properties, and we prove some normal-form results. Finally, we prove a number of decidability and undecidability results.

We examine the reductions of the order of certain third- and second-order nonlinear equations with arbitrary nonlinearity through their symmetries and some appropriate transformations. We use the folding transformation which enables one to…

We call an operator algebra A {\em reversible} if A with reversed multiplication is also an abstract operator algebra (in the modern operator space sense). This class of operator algebras is intimately related to the {\em symmetric operator…

We show that for every orthomodular poset P of finite height there can be defined two operators forming an adjoint pair with respect to an order-like relation defined on the power set of P. This enables us to introduce the so-called…

We prove that the isomorphism of scattered tree automatic linear orders as well as the existence of automorphisms of scattered word automatic linear orders are undecidable. For the existence of automatic automorphisms of word automatic…

For a mixing shift of finite type, the associated automorphism group has a rich algebraic structure, and yet we have few criteria to distinguish when two such groups are isomorphic. We introduce a stabilization of the automorphism group,…

Let A be an idempotent algebra on a 3-element domain D that omits a G-set for a factor. Suppose A is not \alpha\beta-projective (for some alpha, beta subsets of D) and is not collapsible. It follows that A is switchable. We prove that, for…

The degeneration order of simultaneous similarity classes of $3\times 3$ nilpotent matrix tuples is determined, and is shown to be given by rank conditions.