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Spiking neural networks (SNNs), that operate via binary spikes distributed over time, have emerged as a promising energy efficient ML paradigm for resource-constrained devices. However, the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) SNNs require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Gourav Datta , Peter A. Beerel

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are powerful models of spatiotemporal computation and are well suited for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices and neuromorphic hardware due to their low power consumption. Leveraging attention…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Boxun Xu , Junyoung Hwang , Pruek Vanna-iampikul , Sung Kyu Lim , Peng Li

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are promising biologically plausible models of computation which utilize a spiking binary activation function similar to that of biological neurons. SNNs are well positioned to process spatiotemporal data, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Boxun Xu , Richard Boone , Peng Li

Spiking neural network (SNN) is interesting both theoretically and practically because of its strong bio-inspiration nature and potentially outstanding energy efficiency. Unfortunately, its development has fallen far behind the conventional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Shibo Zhou , Xiaohua LI , Ying Chen , Sanjeev T. Chandrasekaran , Arindam Sanyal

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are biology-inspired artificial neural networks (ANNs) that comprise of spiking neurons to process asynchronous discrete signals. While more efficient in power consumption and inference speed on the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Shikuang Deng , Shi Gu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer promising energy efficiency advantages, particularly when processing sparse spike trains. However, their incompatibility with traditional datasets, which consist of batches of input vectors rather than…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a more energy-efficient alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) by mimicking biological neural principles, establishing them as a promising approach to mitigate the increasing energy demands of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Velibor Bojković , Xiaofeng Wu , Bin Gu

This paper proposes a two-step spike encoding scheme, which consists of the source encoding and the process encoding for a high energy-efficient spiking-neural-network (SNN) acceleration. The eigen-train generation and its superposition…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Sangyeob Kim , Sangjin Kim , Soyeon Um , Soyeon Kim , Hoi-Jun Yoo

Deep neural networks have surpassed human performance in key visual challenges such as object recognition, but require a large amount of energy, computation, and memory. In contrast, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have the potential to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-02 Melani Sanchez-Garcia , Tushar Chauhan , Benoit R. Cottereau , Michael Beyeler

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of Spiking Neural Network (SNN) neuron models for hardware acceleration by comparing event driven and clock-driven implementations. We begin our investigation in software, rapidly prototyping…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Filippo Marostica , Alessio Carpegna , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have recently gained significant interest in on-chip learning in embedded devices and emerged as an energy-efficient alternative to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, to extend SNNs to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Manh V. Nguyen , Liang Zhao , Bobin Deng , William Severa , Honghui Xu , Shaoen Wu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) can reduce energy consumption compared to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) when spiking activity is sparse and the neuron model is hardware-friendly. However, biologically faithful models are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Pascal Harmeling , Florent De Geeter , Guillaume Drion

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), a brain-inspired computing paradigm, are emerging for their inference performance, particularly in terms of energy efficiency and latency attributed to the plasticity in signal processing. To deploy SNNs in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Sizhen Bian , Elisa Donati , Michele Magno

Machine learning with artificial neural networks (ANNs), provides solutions for the growing complexity of modern communication systems. This complexity, however, increases power consumption, making the systems energy-intensive. Spiking…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Eike-Manuel Edelmann

Spiking Neural Network (SNN), as a brain-inspired and energy-efficient network, is currently facing the pivotal challenge of exploring a suitable and efficient learning framework. The predominant training methodologies, namely…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zecheng Hao , Qichao Ma , Kang Chen , Yi Zhang , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Brain-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have attracted attention for their event-driven characteristics and high energy efficiency. However, the temporal dependency and irregularity of spikes present significant challenges for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Kainan Wang , Chengyi Yang , Chengting Yu , Yee Sin Ang , Bo Wang , Aili Wang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer an inherent ability to process spatial-temporal data, or in other words, realworld sensory data, but suffer from the difficulty of training high accuracy models. A major thread of research on SNNs is on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Dengyu Wu , Xinping Yi , Xiaowei Huang

Implantable Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are promising for motor rehabilitation and mobility augmentation, and they demand accurate and energy-efficient algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel spiking neural network (SNN) decoder…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-06 Jiawei Liao , Oscar Toomey , Xiaying Wang , Lars Widmer , Cynthia A. Chestek , Luca Benini , Taekwang Jang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) show great potential due to their energy efficiency, fast processing capabilities, and robustness. There are two main approaches to constructing SNNs. Direct training methods require much memory, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zihan Huang , Xinyu Shi , Zecheng Hao , Tong Bu , Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an attractive spatio-temporal computing paradigm for complex vision tasks. However, most existing works yield models that require many time steps and do not leverage the inherent temporal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Gourav Datta , Haoqin Deng , Robert Aviles , Peter A. Beerel