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Driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), a growing literature has demonstrated the potential for using large language models (LLMs) as scalable surrogates to generate human-like responses in many business applications. Two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Lei Wang , Zikun Ye , Jinglong Zhao

With the breakthrough of Transformer-based pre-trained models, the demand for fine-tuning (FT) to adapt the base pre-trained models to downstream applications continues to grow, so it is essential for service providers to reduce the cost of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sheng Lin , Fangcheng Fu , Haoyang Li , Hao Ge , Xuanyu Wang , Jiawen Niu , Yaofeng Tu , Bin Cui

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is computationally intensive because it requires updating all parameters. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) improves efficiency by modifying only a subset of weights but introduces a trade-off between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Abdessalam Ed-dib , Zhanibek Datbayev , Amine Mohamed Aboussalah

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in generating human-like text, proving to be a valuable asset across various applications. However, adapting these models to incorporate new, out-of-domain…

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) in a distributed manner poses significant challenges on resource-constrained edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose SflLLM, a novel framework that integrates split federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Kai Zhao , Zhaohui Yang , Ye Hu , Mingzhe Chen , Chen Zhu , Zhaoyang Zhang

Prior research shows that large language models (LLMs) exhibit systematic extrapolation bias when forming predictions from both experimental and real-world data, and that prompt-based approaches appear limited in alleviating this bias. We…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-05 Zhenyu Gao , Wenxi Jiang , Yutong Yan

The efficient compression of large language models (LLMs) has become increasingly popular. However, recovering the performance of compressed LLMs remains a major challenge. The current practice in LLM compression entails the implementation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Changhai Zhou , Shijie Han , Lining Yang , Yuhua Zhou , Xu Cheng , Yibin Wang , Hongguang Li

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) optimize federated training by reducing computational and communication costs. We propose RoLoRA, a federated framework using alternating optimization to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Shuangyi Chen , Yuanxin Guo , Yue Ju , Harik Dalal , Zhongwen Zhu , Ashish Khisti

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains, but developing high-performing models for specialized applications often requires substantial human annotation -- a process that is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Abhinav Arabelly , Jagrut Nemade , Robert D Nowak , Jifan Zhang

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

This paper presents a novel approach to recruitment automation. Large Language Models (LLMs) were fine-tuned to improve accuracy and efficiency. Building upon our previous work on the Multilayer Large Language Model-Based Robotic Process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Mohamed T. Younes , Omar Walid , Khaled Shaban , Ali Hamdi , Mai Hassan

The Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have been extensively researched for large language models in downstream tasks. Among all the existing approaches, the Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained popularity for its streamlined…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Tangyu Jiang , Haodi Wang , Chun Yuan

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) has become a crucial technique for adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks. However, the enormous size of LLMs poses significant challenges in terms of computational complexity and resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yifei Zhang , Hao Zhu , Aiwei Liu , Han Yu , Piotr Koniusz , Irwin King

The pervasive deployment of Large Language Models-LLMs in various sectors often neglects the nuanced requirements of individuals and small organizations, who benefit more from models precisely tailored to their specific business contexts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Jiaxi Cui , Wentao Zhang , Jing Tang , Xudong Tong , Zhenwei Zhang , Amie , Jing Wen , Rongsheng Wang , Pengfei Wu

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external tools is a promising approach to enhance their capabilities, especially for complex tasks. Synthesizing tool-use data through real-world simulations is an effective way to achieve this.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yirong Zeng , Xiao Ding , Yuxian Wang , Weiwen Liu , Wu Ning , Yutai Hou , Xu Huang , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become indispensable in numerous real-world applications. However, fine-tuning these models at scale, especially in federated settings where data privacy and communication efficiency are critical, presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yao Shu , Wenyang Hu , See-Kiong Ng , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Fei Richard Yu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) has become essential for adapting pretrained models to specific downstream tasks. In this paper, we propose Linear Chain Transformation (LinChain), a novel approach that introduces a sequence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Yulong Wang , Chang Zuo , Yin Xuan , Hong Li , Ni Wei

Federated fine-tuning enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to adapt to downstream tasks while preserving data privacy, but its resource-intensive nature limits deployment on edge devices. In this paper, we introduce Developmental Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Yebo Wu , Jingguang Li , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to new tasks through fine-tuning has been made more efficient by the introduction of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) techniques, such as LoRA. However, these methods often underperform compared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chunlin Tian , Zhan Shi , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li , Chengzhong Xu

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) has transformed natural language processing, yet the challenge of efficient adaptation remains unresolved. Full fine-tuning achieves strong performance but imposes prohibitive computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Emily Jimin Roh , Hyojun Ahn , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Soohyun Park , Joongheon Kim
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