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With the development of large models and autonomous decision-making AI, agents are rapidly becoming the new entities of the internet, following mobile apps. However, existing internet infrastructure is primarily designed for human…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Gaowei Chang , Eidan Lin , Chengxuan Yuan , Rizhao Cai , Binbin Chen , Xuan Xie , Yin Zhang

The rapid emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed Agentic artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous systems integrating perception, reasoning, and action into closed-loop pipelines for continuous adaptation. While unlocking…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Xiaojing Chen , Haiqi Yu , Wei Ni , Dusit Niyato , Ruichen Zhang , Xin Wang , Shunqing Zhang , Shugong Xu

The autonomy and contextual complexity of LLM-based agents render traditional access control (AC) mechanisms insufficient. Static, rule-based systems designed for predictable environments are fundamentally ill-equipped to manage the dynamic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xinfeng Li , Dong Huang , Jie Li , Hongyi Cai , Zhenhong Zhou , Wei Dong , XiaoFeng Wang , Yang Liu

Robust coordination is critical for effective decision-making in multi-agent systems, especially under partial observability. A central question in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is whether to engineer communication protocols or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Brennen A. Hill , Mant Koh En Wei , Thangavel Jishnuanandh

Communication in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has been proven to effectively promote cooperation among agents recently. Since communication in real-world scenarios is vulnerable to noises and adversarial attacks, it is crucial…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Lebin Yu , Yunbo Qiu , Quanming Yao , Yuan Shen , Xudong Zhang , Jian Wang

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are capable of serving as aerial base stations (BSs) for providing both cost-effective and on-demand wireless communications. This article investigates dynamic resource allocation of multiple UAVs enabled…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-25 Jingjing Cui , Yuanwei Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan

Future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks will demand artificial intelligence (AI) agents that are not only autonomous and efficient, but also capable of real-time adaptation in dynamic environments and transparent in their…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Osman Tugay Basaran , Martin Maier , Falko Dressler

The path to higher network autonomy in 6G lies beyond the mere optimization of key performance indicators (KPIs), requiring systems that perceive and reason over the network environment as it is. This can be achieved through agentic AI,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Hatim Chergui , Farhad Rezazadeh , Merouane Debbah , Christos Verikoukis

Multi-agent reinforcement learning for incomplete information environments has attracted extensive attention from researchers. However, due to the slow sample collection and poor sample exploration, there are still some problems in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Shuhan Qi , Shuhao Zhang , Xiaohan Hou , Jiajia Zhang , Xuan Wang , Jing Xiao

High altitude platforms (HAPs) are emerging as a key enabler for 6G coverage, yet limited energy must be split between propulsion and communications. Most prior HAP studies ignore propulsion power or rely on surrogates that miss…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Xiaoyu Xing , Dingyi Lu , Peng Yang , Zehui Xiong , Xianbin Cao , Tony Q. S. Quek

As sixth-generation (6G) networks move toward ultra-dense, intelligent edge environments, efficient resource management under stringent privacy, mobility, and energy constraints becomes critical. This paper introduces a novel Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Francisco Javier Esono Nkulu Andong , Qi Min

We present Agent Lightning, a flexible and extensible framework that enables Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based training of Large Language Models (LLMs) for any AI agent. Unlike existing methods that tightly couple RL training with agent or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xufang Luo , Yuge Zhang , Zhiyuan He , Zilong Wang , Siyun Zhao , Dongsheng Li , Luna K. Qiu , Yuqing Yang

We propose a mechanism for distributed resource management and interference mitigation in wireless networks using multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (RL). We equip each transmitter in the network with a deep RL agent that receives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Navid Naderializadeh , Jaroslaw Sydir , Meryem Simsek , Hosein Nikopour

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in military communications and networking is reshaping modern defense strategies, enhancing secure data exchange, real-time situational awareness, and autonomous decision-making. This survey…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Victor Monzon Baeza , Raúl Parada , Laura Concha Salor , Carlos Monzo

The exploration of unknown, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) denied environments by an autonomous communication-aware and collaborative group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) presents significant challenges in coordination,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Tiago Leite , Maria Conceição , António Grilo

The rise of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) in Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially integrated with Large Language Models (LLMs), has greatly facilitated the resolution of complex tasks. However, current systems are still facing challenges of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Callie C. Liao , Duoduo Liao , Sai Surya Gadiraju

We consider the problem of \emph{fully decentralized} multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where the agents are located at the nodes of a time-varying communication network. Specifically, we assume that the reward functions of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Han Liu , Tong Zhang , Tamer Başar

The emergence of agentic AI systems in 6G software businesses presents both strategic opportunities and significant challenges. While such systems promise increased autonomy, scalability, and intelligent decision-making across distributed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Muhammad Zohaib , Muhammad Azeem Akbar , Sami Hyrynsalmi , Arif Ali Khan

An increasing number of emerging applications, e.g., internet of things, vehicular communications, augmented reality, and the growing complexity due to the interoperability requirements of these systems, lead to the need to change the tools…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Merim Dzaferagic , M. Majid Butt , Maria Murphy , Nicholas Kaminski , Nicola Marchetti

Recent advancements in large foundation models have remarkably enhanced our understanding of sensory information in open-world environments. In leveraging the power of foundation models, it is crucial for AI research to pivot away from…

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