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Since its introduction in 2011, the partial information decomposition (PID) has triggered an explosion of interest in the field of multivariate information theory and the study of emergent, higher-order ("synergistic") interactions in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Thomas F. Varley

Multimodal regression aims to predict a continuous target from heterogeneous input sources and typically relies on fusion strategies such as early or late fusion. However, existing methods lack principled tools to disentangle and quantify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Zhaozhao Ma , Shujian Yu

We offer a new approach to the information decomposition problem in information theory: given a 'target' random variable co-distributed with multiple 'source' variables, how can we decompose the mutual information into a sum of non-negative…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Nihat Ay , Daniel Polani , Nathaniel Virgo

We introduce a novel framework for decomposing interventional causal effects into synergistic, redundant, and unique components, building on the intuition of Partial Information Decomposition (PID) and the principle of M\"obius inversion.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Abel Jansma

Partial Information Decomposition (PID) represents multivariate mutual information via antichain-lattice that aims to specify which source groups can recover which informational components of a target. For three or more sources, widely…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Aobo Lyu , Andrew Clark , Netanel Raviv

The partial information decomposition (PID) and its extension integrated information decomposition ($\Phi$ID) are promising frameworks to investigate information phenomena involving multiple variables. An important limitation of these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Abel Jansma , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Fernando E. Rosas

Since its introduction, the partial information decomposition (PID) has emerged as a powerful, information-theoretic technique useful for studying the structure of (potentially higher-order) interactions in complex systems. Despite its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Thomas F. Varley

Describing statistical dependencies is foundational to empirical scientific research. For uncovering intricate and possibly non-linear dependencies between a single target variable and several source variables within a system, a principled…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-28 David A. Ehrlich , Kyle Schick-Poland , Abdullah Makkeh , Felix Lanfermann , Patricia Wollstadt , Michael Wibral

Conceptually, partial information decomposition (PID) is concerned with separating the information contributions several sources hold about a certain target by decomposing the corresponding joint mutual information into contributions such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Kyle Schick-Poland , Abdullah Makkeh , Aaron J. Gutknecht , Patricia Wollstadt , Anja Sturm , Michael Wibral

In this paper, we introduce Partial Information Decomposition of Features (PIDF), a new paradigm for simultaneous data interpretability and feature selection. Contrary to traditional methods that assign a single importance value, our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Charles Westphal , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

Multivariate information decompositions hold promise to yield insight into complex systems, and stand out for their ability to identify synergistic phenomena. However, the adoption of these approaches has been hindered by there being…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Fernando Rosas , Pedro Mediano , Borzoo Rassouli , Adam Barrett

In the analysis of High-Energy Physics data, it is frequently desired to separate resonant signals from a smooth, non-resonant background. This paper introduces a new technique - functional decomposition (FD) - to accomplish this task. It…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-05-15 Ryan Edgar , Dante Amidei , Christopher Grud , Karishma Sekhon

Partial Information Decomposition (PID) seeks to disentangle how information about a target variable is distributed across multiple sources, separating redundant, unique, and synergistic contributions. Despite extensive theoretical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Philip Hendrik Matthias , Abdullah Makkeh , Michael Wibral , Aaron J. Gutknecht

The Partial Information Decomposition (PID) [arXiv:1004.2515] provides a theoretical framework to characterize and quantify the structure of multivariate information sharing. A new method (Idep) has recently been proposed for computing a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-04-03 James W. Kay , Robin A. A. Ince

Partial information decomposition (PID) of the multivariate mutual information describes the distinct ways in which a set of source variables contains information about a target variable. The groundbreaking work of Williams and Beer has…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Abdullah Makkeh , Aaron J. Gutknecht , Michael Wibral

The properties of complex networked systems arise from the interplay between the dynamics of their elements and the underlying topology. Thus, to understand their behaviour, it is crucial to convene as much information as possible about…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-18 Gustavo Menesse , Akke Mats Houben , Jordi Soriano , Joaquin J. Torres

Bivariate Partial Information Decomposition (PID) describes how the mutual information between a random variable M and two random variables Y and Z is decomposed into unique, redundant, and synergistic terms. Recently, PID has shown promise…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Chaitanya Goswami , Amanda Merkley , Pulkit Grover

Hazard and survival functions are natural, interpretable targets in time-to-event prediction, but their inherent non-additivity fundamentally limits standard additive explanation methods. We introduce Survival Functional Decomposition…

In a system of three stochastic variables, the Partial Information Decomposition (PID) of Williams and Beer dissects the information that two variables (sources) carry about a third variable (target) into nonnegative information atoms that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Giuseppe Pica , Eugenio Piasini , Daniel Chicharro , Stefano Panzeri

Analyzing causality in multivariate systems involves establishing how information is generated, distributed and combined. Traditional causal discovery frameworks are capable of multivariate reasoning but their intrinsic pairwise graph…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Sung En Chiang , Zhaolu Liu , Robert L. Peach , Mauricio Barahona