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Anatomical segmentation is a fundamental task in medical image computing, generally tackled with fully convolutional neural networks which produce dense segmentation masks. These models are often trained with loss functions such as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-28 Nicolás Gaggion , Lucas Mansilla , Candelaria Mosquera , Diego H. Milone , Enzo Ferrante

Mesh generation plays a crucial role in scientific computing. Traditional mesh generation methods, such as TFI and PDE-based methods, often struggle to achieve a balance between efficiency and mesh quality. To address this challenge,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jing Xiao , Xinhai Chen , Qingling Wang , Jie Liu

As an alternative to classical numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs) subject to boundary value constraints, there has been a surge of interest in investigating neural networks that can solve such problems efficiently.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Winfried Lötzsch , Simon Ohler , Johannes S. Otterbach

We describe a framework that can integrate prior physical information, e.g., the presence of kinematic constraints, to support data-driven simulation in multi-body dynamics. Unlike other approaches, e.g., Fully-connected Neural Network…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Jingquan Wang , Shu Wang , Huzaifa Mustafa Unjhawala , Jinlong Wu , Dan Negrut

We explore the use of graph neural networks (GNNs) to model spatial processes in which there is no a priori graphical structure. Similar to finite element analysis, we assign nodes of a GNN to spatial locations and use a computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ferran Alet , Adarsh K. Jeewajee , Maria Bauza , Alberto Rodriguez , Tomas Lozano-Perez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

Mechanics-related problems often present unique challenges in achieving accurate geometric and physical representations, particularly for non-uniform structures. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a promising tool to tackle these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yingxue Zhao , Haoran Li , Haosu Zhou , Hamid Reza Attar , Tobias Pfaff , Nan Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful tools for learning representations from structured data. Despite their growing popularity and success across various applications, GNNs encounter several challenges that limit their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yassine Abbahaddou

Since the seminal work of [9] and their Physics-Informed neural networks (PINNs), many efforts have been conducted towards solving partial differential equations (PDEs) with Deep Learning models. However, some challenges remain, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Marien Chenaud , José Alves , Frédéric Magoulès

Utilizing machine learning to address partial differential equations (PDEs) presents significant challenges due to the diversity of spatial domains and their corresponding state configurations, which complicates the task of encompassing all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Masanobu Horie , Naoto Mitsume

Recently, graph-based models designed for downstream tasks have significantly advanced research on graph neural networks (GNNs). GNN baselines based on neural message-passing mechanisms such as GCN and GAT perform worse as the network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Jiayuan Chen , Xiang Zhang , Yinfei Xu , Tianli Zhao , Renjie Xie , Wei Xu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are among the most powerful tools in deep learning. They routinely solve complex problems on unstructured networks, such as node classification, graph classification, or link prediction, with high accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Maciej Besta , Torsten Hoefler

Generative models generate vast numbers of hypothetical materials, necessitating fast, accurate models for property prediction. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel in this domain but face challenges like high training costs, domain…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-08 Hongwei Du , Jiamin Wang , Jian Hui , Lanting Zhang , Hong Wang

Currently the state of the art network models are based or depend on Discrete Event Simulation (DES). While DES is highly accurate, it is also computationally costly and cumbersome to parallelize, making it unpractical to simulate high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Carlos Güemes-Palau , Miquel Ferriol Galmés , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio , Pere Barlet-Ros

Learned graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently been established as fast and accurate alternatives for principled solvers in simulating the dynamics of physical systems. In many application domains across science and engineering,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Qingqing Zhao , David B. Lindell , Gordon Wetzstein

Graph neural networks (GNNs) naturally align with sparse operators and unstructured discretizations, making them a promising paradigm for physics-informed machine learning in computational mechanics. Motivated by discrete physics losses and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jianchuan Yang , Xi Chen , Jidong Zhao

A graph neural network (GNN) approach is introduced in this work which enables mesh-based three-dimensional super-resolution of fluid flows. In this framework, the GNN is designed to operate not on the full mesh-based field at once, but on…

Surrogate models for the rapid inference of nonlinear boundary value problems in mechanics are helpful in a broad range of engineering applications. However, effective surrogate modeling of applications involving the contact of deformable…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Vijay K. Dubey , Collin E. Haese , Osman Gültekin , David Dalton , Manuel K. Rausch , Jan N. Fuhg

Accurately simulating physics is crucial across scientific domains, with applications spanning from robotics to materials science. While traditional mesh-based simulations are precise, they are often computationally expensive and require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Philipp Dahlinger , Tai Hoang , Denis Blessing , Niklas Freymuth , Gerhard Neumann

This paper proposes the Mesh Neural Network (MNN), a novel architecture which allows neurons to be connected in any topology, to efficiently route information. In MNNs, information is propagated between neurons throughout a state transition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Federico A. Galatolo , Mario G. C. A. Cimino , Gigliola Vaglini

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with equivariant properties have emerged as powerful tools for modeling complex dynamics of multi-object physical systems. However, their generalization ability is limited by the inadequate consideration of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Yang Liu , Jiashun Cheng , Haihong Zhao , Tingyang Xu , Peilin Zhao , Fugee Tsung , Jia Li , Yu Rong