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Recent progress in large language models has made them increasingly capable research assistants in mathematics. Yet, as their reasoning abilities improve, evaluating their mathematical competence becomes increasingly challenging. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-31 Adil Salim

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to significant breakthroughs in automated mathematical reasoning and scientific discovery. Georgiev, G${\'o}$mez-Serrano, Tao, and Wagner [GGSTW+25] demonstrate that AI systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yang Cao , Yubin Chen , Xuyang Guo , Zhao Song , Song Yue , Jiahao Zhang , Jiale Zhao

It has been suggested that large language models such as GPT-4 have acquired some form of understanding beyond the correlations among the words in text including some understanding of mathematics as well. Here, we perform a critical inquiry…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Roozbeh Yousefzadeh , Xuenan Cao

During 2024 and 2025 the discussion about the theorem-proving capabilities of large language models started reporting interesting success stories, mostly to do with difficult exercises (such as problems from the International Mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Hieu Le Duc , Leo Liberti

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-5 integrate advanced reasoning capabilities that may improve performance on complex medical question-answering tasks. For this latest generation of reasoning models, the configurations that maximize…

We introduce Goedel-Prover, an open-source language model that achieves state-of-the-art (as of April 5 2025) performance in automated formal proof generation for mathematical problems. A key challenge in this field is the scarcity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yong Lin , Shange Tang , Bohan Lyu , Jiayun Wu , Hongzhou Lin , Kaiyu Yang , Jia Li , Mengzhou Xia , Danqi Chen , Sanjeev Arora , Chi Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently achieved impressive performance in math and reasoning benchmarks. However, they often struggle with logic problems and puzzles that are relatively easy for humans. To further investigate this, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , Roei Herzig , Trevor Darrell , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

Can large language models be used to complete mathematical tasks that are traditionally performed either manually or with the aid of theorem provers? To answer this question, a state-of-the-art system, GPT-4, was provided with a concise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Gregor vom Scheidt

AI models like GPT-5 are an increasingly valuable tool for scientists, but many remain unaware of the capabilities of frontier AI. We present a collection of short case studies in which GPT-5 produced new, concrete steps in ongoing research…

The accelerated evolution of large language models has raised questions about their comparative performance across domains of practical importance. GPT-4 by OpenAI introduced advances in reasoning, multimodality, and task generalization,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Georgios P. Georgiou

This paper investigates the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) using 50 newly constructed high-school-level word problems. Unlike prior studies that focus solely on answer correctness, we rigorously analyze…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Johan Boye , Birger Moell

Given the intractably large size of the space of proofs, any model that is capable of general deductive reasoning must generalize to proofs of greater complexity. Recent studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) possess some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Abulhair Saparov , Richard Yuanzhe Pang , Vishakh Padmakumar , Nitish Joshi , Seyed Mehran Kazemi , Najoung Kim , He He

In this paper we look at the ability of recent large language models (LLMs) at solving mathematical problems in combinatorics. We compare models LLaMA-2, LLaMA-3.1, GPT-4, and Mixtral against each other and against human pupils and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Andrii Nikolaiev , Yiannos Stathopoulos , Simone Teufel

Computing olympiads contain some of the most challenging problems for humans, requiring complex algorithmic reasoning, puzzle solving, in addition to generating efficient code. However, it has been understudied as a domain to evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Quan Shi , Michael Tang , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

We carry out a series of experiments to test large language models' multi-hop reasoning ability from three aspects: selecting and combining external knowledge, dealing with non-sequential reasoning tasks and generalising to data samples…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Haotong Zhang

The progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT raises the question of how they can be integrated into education. One hope is that they can support mathematics learning, including word-problem solving. Since LLMs can handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Anselm R. Strohmaier , Wim Van Dooren , Kathrin Seßler , Brian Greer , Lieven Verschaffel

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in AI-based tutoring systems. Can they faithfully model novice reasoning and metacognitive judgments? Existing evaluations emphasize problem-solving accuracy, overlooking the fragmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Conrad Borchers , Jill-Jênn Vie , Roger Azevedo

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the realm of mathematical reasoning necessitates comprehensive evaluations to gauge progress and inspire future directions. Existing assessments predominantly focus on problem-solving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Xiaoyuan Li , Wenjie Wang , Moxin Li , Junrong Guo , Yang Zhang , Fuli Feng

Over the last few months, AI models including large language models have improved greatly. There are now several documented examples where they have helped professional mathematical scientists prove new results, sometimes even helping…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Edgar Dobriban

Advances in training, post-training, and inference-time methods have enabled frontier reasoning models to win gold medals in math competitions and settle challenging open problems. Gaining trust in the responses of these models requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Aaditya Naik , Guruprerana Shabadi , Rajeev Alur , Mayur Naik
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