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If a quantum computer is stabilized by fault-tolerant quantum error correction (QEC), then most of its resources (qubits and operations) are dedicated to the extraction of error information. Analysis of this process leads to a set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew M. Steane

Quantum circuit complexity is a fundamental concept whose importance permeates quantum information, computation, many-body physics and high-energy physics. While extensively studied in closed systems, its characterization and behaviors in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Zhenyu Du , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

We study remote creation of coherence (RCC) for a quantum system, A, with the help of quantum operations on another system, B, and one-way classical communication.We show that all the nonincoherent quantum states are useful for RCC and all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-11 Teng Ma , Ming-Jing Zhao , Shao-Ming Fei , Gui-Lu Long

Evaluating the reliability of noisy quantum circuits is essential for implementing quantum algorithms on noisy quantum devices. However, current quantum hardware exhibits diverse noise mechanisms whose compounded effects make accurate and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Jindi Wu , Tianjie Hu , Qun Li

A critical milestone on the path to useful quantum computers is quantum supremacy - a demonstration of a quantum computation that is prohibitively hard for classical computers. A leading near-term candidate, put forth by the Google/UCSB…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-13 Adam Bouland , Bill Fefferman , Chinmay Nirkhe , Umesh Vazirani

Characterizing complexity and criticality in quantum systems requires diagnostics that are both computationally tractable and physically insightful. We apply a measure of quantum state complexity for n-qubit systems, defined as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Imre Varga

Coherence and entanglement are fundamental properties of quantum systems, promising to power the near future quantum computers, sensors and simulators. Yet, their experimental detection is challenging, usually requiring full reconstruction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-01 Graeme Smith , John A. Smolin , Xiao Yuan , Qi Zhao , Davide Girolami , Xiongfeng Ma

Quantum complexity measures the difficulty of realizing a quantum process, such as preparing a state or implementing a unitary. We present an approach to quantifying the thermodynamic resources required to implement a process if the…

In the rapidly evolving field of quantum computing, quantifying circuit complexity remains a critical challenge. This paper introduces Character Complexity, a novel measure that bridges Group-theoretic concepts with practical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-19 Daksh Shami

Entanglement and coherence are fundamental properties of quantum systems, promising to power near future quantum technologies, such as quantum computation, quantum communication and quantum metrology. Yet, their quantification, rather than…

This paper considers links between the original risk-sensitive performance criterion for quantum control systems and its recent quadratic-exponential counterpart. We discuss a connection between the minimization of these cost functionals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-02 Igor G. Vladimirov , Ian R. Petersen , Matthew R. James

We establish rigorous connections between quantum circuit complexity and approximate quantum error correction (AQEC) capability, two properties of fundamental importance to the physics and practical use of quantum many-body systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-14 Jinmin Yi , Weicheng Ye , Daniel Gottesman , Zi-Wen Liu

Benchmarking quantum devices is a foundational task for the sustained development of quantum technologies. However, accurate in situ characterization of large-scale quantum devices remains a formidable challenge: such systems experience…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Tudor Manole , Daniel K. Mark , Wenjie Gong , Bingtian Ye , Yury Polyanskiy , Soonwon Choi

Quantum complexity measures the difficulty of obtaining a given state starting from a typically unentangled state. In this work, we show that complexity, when defined through the minimization of a Riemannian cost functional over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Nadir Samos Sáenz de Buruaga

Quantum circuit complexity quantifies the minimal number of gates needed to realize a unitary transformation and plays a central role in quantum computation. In this work, we investigate the complexity of quantum circuits through coherence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Linlin Ye , Zhaoqi Wu , Nanrun Zhou

As we approach the era of quantum advantage, when quantum computers (QCs) can outperform any classical computer on particular tasks, there remains the difficult challenge of how to validate their performance. While algorithmic success can…

Quantum computing is transitioning from experimental prototypes to commercially available turnkey systems, making architecture-agnostic performance metrics essential for cross-platform comparison. Peaked Random Circuits (PRCs) have recently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Martin Brieger , Florian Krötz , Minh Chung , Dieter Kranzlmüller

Quantum circuit complexity-a measure of the minimum number of gates needed to implement a given unitary transformation-is a fundamental concept in quantum computation, with widespread applications ranging from determining the running time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-10 Kaifeng Bu , Roy J. Garcia , Arthur Jaffe , Dax Enshan Koh , Lu Li

In quantum chemistry, the price paid by all known efficient model chemistries is either the truncation of the Hilbert space or uncontrolled approximations. Theoretical computer science suggests that these restrictions are not mere…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-03-15 James D. Whitfield , Peter J. Love , Alan Aspuru-Guzik

We prove a direct sum theorem for bounded round entanglement-assisted quantum communication complexity. To do so, we use the fully quantum definition for information cost and complexity that we recently introduced, and use both the fact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Dave Touchette
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