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Deep-learning models for traffic data prediction can have superior performance in modeling complex functions using a multi-layer architecture. However, a major drawback of these approaches is that most of these approaches do not offer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Agnimitra Sengupta , Sudeepta Mondal , Adway Das , S. Ilgin Guler

Encrypted traffic classification technology is a crucial decision-making information source for network management and security protection. It has the advantages of excellent response timeliness, large-scale data bearing, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Zihan Chen , Guang Cheng , Jinhui Li , Tian Qin , Yuyang Zhou , Xing Luan

The traffic assignment problem is essential for traffic flow analysis, traditionally solved using mathematical programs under the Equilibrium principle. These methods become computationally prohibitive for large-scale networks due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Mostafa Ameli , Sulthana Shams , Van Anh Le , Alexander Skabardonis

Traffic accidents can be studied to mitigate the risk of further events. Recent advances in machine learning have provided an alternative way to study data associated with traffic accidents. New models achieve good generalization and high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Meghan Bibb , Pablo Rivas , Mahee Tayba

Modelling dynamic traffic patterns and especially the continuously changing dependencies between different base stations, which previous studies overlook, is challenging. Traditional algorithms struggle to process large volumes of data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yini Fang

Over the years, network traffic analysis and generation have advanced significantly. From traditional statistical methods, the field has progressed to sophisticated deep learning techniques. This progress has improved the ability to detect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jian Qu , Xiaobo Ma , Jianfeng Li

Complex nonlinear models such as deep neural network (DNNs) have become an important tool for image classification, speech recognition, natural language processing, and many other fields of application. These models however lack…

This research mainly emphasizes on traffic detection thus essentially involving object detection and classification. The particular work discussed here is motivated from unsatisfactory attempts of re-using well known pre-trained object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Baljit Kaur , Jhilik Bhattacharya

To date, traffic obfuscation techniques have been widely adopted to protect network data privacy and security by obscuring the true patterns of traffic. Nevertheless, as the pre-trained models emerge, especially transformer-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Quanliang Jing , Xinxin Fan , Yanyan Liu , Jingping Bi

The widespread adoption of encrypted communication protocols such as HTTPS and TLS has enhanced data privacy but also rendered traditional anomaly detection techniques less effective, as they often rely on inspecting unencrypted payloads.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kalindi Singh , Aayush Kashyap , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

While pre-trained large models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in network traffic analysis, their prohibitive computational costs hinder deployment in real-time, throughput-sensitive network defense environments. This work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Jiajun Zhou , Changhui Sun , Meng Shen , Shanqing Yu , Qi Xuan

Work zone is one of the major causes of non-recurrent traffic congestion and road incidents. Despite the significance of its impact, studies on predicting the traffic impact of work zones remain scarce. In this paper, we propose a data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Qinhua Jiang , Xishun Liao , Yaofa Gong , Jiaqi Ma

The network security analyzers use intrusion detection systems (IDSes) to distinguish malicious traffic from benign ones. The deep learning-based IDSes are proposed to auto-extract high-level features and eliminate the time-consuming and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Mahdi Soltani , Khashayar Khajavi , Mahdi Jafari Siavoshani , Amir Hossein Jahangir

Traffic classification, a technique for assigning network flows to predefined categories, has been widely deployed in enterprise and carrier networks. With the massive adoption of mobile devices, encryption is increasingly used in mobile…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Kun Qiu , Ying Wang , Baoqian Li , Wenjun Zhu

Deep Learning is a state-of-the-art technique to make inference on extensive or complex data. As a black box model due to their multilayer nonlinear structure, Deep Neural Networks are often criticized to be non-transparent and their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Vanessa Buhrmester , David Münch , Michael Arens

Explaining deep learning models is of vital importance for understanding artificial intelligence systems, improving safety, and evaluating fairness. To better understand and control the CNN model, many methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Zhihao Wang , Chuang Zhu

Accurate and reliable prediction has profound implications to a wide range of applications. In this study, we focus on an instance of spatio-temporal learning problem--traffic prediction--to demonstrate an advanced deep learning model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Pingping Dong , Xiao-Lin Wang , Indranil Bose , Kam K. H. Ng , Xiaoning Zhang , Xiaoge Zhang

Network traffic refers to the amount of data being sent and received over the Internet or any system that connects computers. Analyzing network traffic is vital for security and management, yet remains challenging due to the heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Xiaochang Li , Chen Qian , Qineng Wang , Jiangtao Kong , Yuchen Wang , Ziyu Yao , Bo Ji , Long Cheng , Gang Zhou , Huajie Shao

Traffic flow forecasting is a crucial task in intelligent transport systems. Deep learning offers an effective solution, capturing complex patterns in time-series traffic flow data to enable the accurate prediction. However, deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Qiyuan Zhu , A. K. Qin , Hussein Dia , Adriana-Simona Mihaita , Hanna Grzybowska

With the rapid development of machine learning, autonomous driving has become a hot issue, making urgent demands for more intelligent perception and planning systems. Self-driving cars can avoid traffic crashes with precisely predicted…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Jianbang Liu , Xinyu Mao , Yuqi Fang , Delong Zhu , Max Q. -H. Meng