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We interact with each other and our environment in rich and complex ways. These interactions form socioecological systems in which human, economic, or natural resources are used and replenished. In 2015, the United Nations set seventeen…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-03-13 David Lusseau , Francesca Mancini

Countries and cities are likely to enter economic activities that are related to those that are already present in them. Yet, while these path dependencies are universally acknowledged, we lack an understanding of the diversification…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-05-09 Aamena Alshamsi , Flavio L. Pinheiro , Cesar A. Hidalgo

We develop a dynamic model of economic complexity that endogenously generates a transition between unconditional and conditional convergence. In this model, convergence turns conditional as the capability intensity of activities rises. We…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-12 Cesar A. Hidalgo , Viktor Stojkoski

Development and growth are complex and tumultuous processes. Modern economic growth theories identify some key determinants of economic growth. However, the relative importance of the determinants remains unknown, and additional variables…

General Economics · Economics 2018-12-05 Angelica Sbardella , Emanuele Pugliese , Andrea Zaccaria , Pasquale Scaramozzino

The evolution of economic and innovation systems at the national scale is shaped by a complex dynamics, the footprint of which is the nested structure of the activities in which different countries are competitive. Nestedness is a…

General Economics · Economics 2023-08-15 Aurelio Patelli , Lorenzo Napolitano , Giulio Cimini , Emanuele Pugliese , Andrea Gabrielli

Economic complexity measures aim to quantify the capability content or endowment of industries and territories; however, capabilities are not observable, and therefore cannot be directly used in the computations. We estimate such endowments…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-09 Antonio Russo , Pasquale Scaramozzino , Andrea Zaccaria

The current work discusses how complex networks can be applied in order to aid economical development and stability at several scales and contexts. The following activities are involved: (a) compilation of several types of data related to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Luciano da Fontoura Costa

Mapping pathways to achieving the sustainable development goals requires understanding and predicting how social, economic and political factors impact biodiversity. Trends in demography, economic growth, regional alliances and consumption…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-26 Payal Bal , Simon Kapitza , Natasha Cadenhead , Tom Kompas , Pham Van Ha , Brendan Wintle

Against the background of renewed interest in vertical support policies targeting specific industries or technologies, we investigate the effects of vertical vs. horizontal policies in a combinatorial model of economic development. In the…

General Economics · Economics 2020-06-09 Alje van Dam , Koen Frenken

The modeling of complex systems such as ecological or socio-economic systems can be very challenging. Although various modeling approaches exist, they are generally not compatible and mutually consistent, and empirical data often do not…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-07-19 Dirk Helbing

Economic growth results from countries' accumulation of organizational and technological capabilities. The Economic and Product Complexity Indices, introduced as an attempt to measure these capabilities from a country's basket of exported…

General Economics · Economics 2024-06-25 Carlo Bottai , Jacopo Di Iorio , Martina Iori

In this chapter the complex systems are discussed in the context of economic and business policy and decision making. It will be showed and motivated that social systems are typically chaotic, non-linear and/or non-equilibrium and therefore…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-20 Robert Kitt

The relationship between inequality and the biosphere has been hypothesized to mutual dependecies and feedbacks. If that is true, such feedbacks may give rise to inequality regimes and potential tipping points between them. Here we explore…

By borrowing methods from complex system analysis, in this paper we analyze the features of the complex relationship that links the development and the industrialization of a country to economic inequality. In order to do this, we identify…

General Economics · Economics 2019-09-10 Angelica Sbardella , Emanuele Pugliese , Luciano Pietronero

We define a novel quantitative strategy inspired by the ecological notion of nestedness to single out the scale at which innovation complexity emerges from the aggregation of specialized building blocks. Our analysis not only suggests that…

General Economics · Economics 2019-09-13 Emanuele Pugliese , Lorenzo Napolitano , Matteo Chinazzi , Guido Chiarotti

Coordination is an important aspect of innovative contexts, where: the more innovative a course of action, the more uncertain its outcome. To study the interplay of coordination and informational ``complexity'', I embed a beauty-contest…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-28 Pietro Dall'Ara

Extensive research shows that more species-rich assemblages are generally more productive and efficient in resource use than comparable assemblages with fewer species. But the question of how diversity simultaneously affects the wide…

Persistent economic competition is often justified as a mechanism of innovation, efficiency, and welfare maximization. Yet empirical evidence across disciplines reveals that competition systematically generates fragility, inequality, and…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-06-16 Marcelo S. Tedesco , Gonzalo Marquez

When two selection environments operate upon each other, mutual shaping in a co-evolution along a particular trajectory is one possible outcome. When three selection environments are involved, more complex dynamics can be expected as a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-19 Loet Leydesdorff , Martin Meyer

Despite the growing importance of the digital sector, research on economic complexity and its implications continues to rely mostly on administrative records, e.g. data on exports, patents, and employment, that have blind spots when it…

General Economics · Economics 2026-01-23 Sándor Juhász , Johannes Wachs , Jermain Kaminski , César A. Hidalgo